Peroxyacyl Nitrates (PANs): Their Physical and Chemical Properties

Gaffney, J. S.; Marley, N. A.; Prestbo, Eric W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-46113-5_1

Cited by 36 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…The PANs are in thermal equilibrium with the peroxyacetyl radical (RC = 0-00' 1 and NO, (Gaffney et al 1989). Because PANs are trapped peroxy radicals, they are an important indicator species of the photochemical age of an air parcel, as well as being a means of long-range transporting of NO, , leading t o the formation of regional ozone and other oxidants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft measurements of nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacyl nitrates using luminol chemiluminescence with fast capillary gas chromatography

Gaffney¹,

Marley²,

Drayton³

1997

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft measurements of nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacyl nitrates using luminol chemiluminescence with fast capillary gas chromatography

Gaffney¹,

Marley²,

Drayton³

1997

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“…Although the rates of its photochemical production and removal by thermal decomposition are both well documented in the atmospheric literature (e.g. Gaffney, Marley & Prestbo 1989), the impact of dry deposition, particularly the role of the interaction between PAN and vegetation has not been fully elucidated (Shepson et al . 1992; Schrimpf et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaseous fluxes of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) into plant leaves

Teklemariam

Sparks

2004

Plant Cell & Environment

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Peroxyactyl nitrate (PAN) is the most abundant of the gaseous organic nitrates produced from the photochemistry of hydrocarbons and NO x (i.e. ozone and smog production). PAN is known to be toxic to plants and also as a reservoir for the transport nitrogen dioxide in the troposphere. Here, the effect of vegetation on PAN deposition was investigated in four plant species by measuring leaf fluxes of PAN in a dynamic leaf chamber using atmospheric PAN fumigations between 0.7 and 18 nmol mol ---

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“…This equilibrium is strongly temperature-dependent; PAN is more stable at colder temperature (Fischer and Nwankwoala, 1995;Roberts, 1990). At cold temperatures, PAN can act as an important transport mechanism for NO x and a source of remote NO 2 (Gaffney and Marley, 1993;Gaffney et al, 1989;Singh, 1987). Among its chemical properties, low solubility in water (Gaffney et al, 1984) and low OH reactivity (Talukdar et al, 1995) give PAN a long atmospheric lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, both PAN and NO 2 are important atmospheric oxidants formed in the troposphere that affect air quality and can lead to global climate change (Gaffney and Marley, 1992). PAN has been measured using a variety of methods (Gaffney et al, 1989). The most widely used method is the electron capture detector (ECD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of a Gas Chromatography/Luminol Detection System for Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Airborne Measurement

Khang¹,

Ahn²,

Song³

et al. 2013

Asian J. Atmos. Environ

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We constructed and tested an airborne peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) monitoring system based on luminol chemiluminescence detection with fast gas chromatography. This system allowed for simultaneous measurement of PAN and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) with a time resolution of ⁄2 min. Actual sample masses within the fixed volume sample loop at various altitudes and temperatures were adjusted to standard atmosphere, using measured pressures and temperatures. The airborne PAN measurement system was evaluated during two field studies above the southern Korean Peninsula in August and October 2009. The detection limit based on the ISO approach was 0.035 ppbv PAN, well below the observed concentrations of 0.185-1.49 ppbv during these studies. Under these conditions, the PAN mixing ratios were positively correlated with O x (O x = =O 3 + +NO 2 ), with slopes varying between 0.014 and 0.033 and intercepts between 22.6 and 55.1 ppbv O x . The intercepts corresponded roughly to background O x mixing ratios in central Europe; however, the slopes were above the range of slopes reported in other studies. We also enhanced the durability, safety, and ease of maintenance of the PAN monitoring system by redesigning the structure of the conventional luminol cell.Key words: PAN, Airborne measurement, Luminol detection, Fast GC, Ozone INTRODUCTIONPeroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of a class of common air pollutants formed by the action of sunlight on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ). PAN is also present in polluted atmospheres and has been suggested as an indicator of photochemical smog along with ozone (O 3 ). Unlike O 3 , PAN does not have abundant natural sources in the stratosphere (Stephens, 1969). PAN is produced only from VOCs whose oxidation leads to acetyl radicals in the presence of nitrogen oxides, whereas O 3 is formed through the oxidation of all VOCs. PAN and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) play major roles in the chemistry of the troposphere at urban, regional, and global scales (Singh, 1985). PAN is in equilibrium with NO 2 and the peroxyacetyl radical. This equilibrium is strongly temperature-dependent; PAN is more stable at colder temperature (Fischer and Nwankwoala, 1995;Roberts, 1990). At cold temperatures, PAN can act as an important transport mechanism for NO x and a source of remote NO 2 (Gaffney and Marley, 1993;Gaffney et al., 1989;Singh, 1987). Among its chemical properties, low solubility in water (Gaffney et al., 1984) and low OH reactivity (Talukdar et al., 1995) give PAN a long atmospheric lifetime. Therefore, both PAN and NO 2 are important atmospheric oxidants formed in the troposphere that affect air quality and can lead to global climate change (Gaffney and Marley, 1992). PAN has been measured using a variety of methods (Gaffney et al., 1989). The most widely used method is the electron capture detector (ECD). This method has detection limits in the tens of ppt and uses packed or capillary columns for the analysis (Roberts, 1990;Gaffney et al., 1989). However, many atmospheric ...

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Peroxyacyl Nitrates (PANs): Their Physical and Chemical Properties

Cited by 36 publications

References 226 publications

Aircraft measurements of nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacyl nitrates using luminol chemiluminescence with fast capillary gas chromatography

Aircraft measurements of nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacyl nitrates using luminol chemiluminescence with fast capillary gas chromatography

Gaseous fluxes of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) into plant leaves

Application of a Gas Chromatography/Luminol Detection System for Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Airborne Measurement

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