Persicaria lapathifolia Essential Oil: Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Allelopathic Effect on the Weed Echinochloa colona

Abstract

The exploration of new green, ecofriendly bioactive compounds has attracted the attention of researchers and scientists worldwide to avoid the harmful effects of chemically synthesized compounds. Persicaria lapathifolia has been reported to have various bioactive compounds, while its essential oil (EO) has not been determined yet. The current work dealt with the first description of the chemical composition of the EO from the aerial parts of P. lapathifolia, along with studying its free radical scavenging activity and herbicidal effect on the weed Echinochloa colona. Twenty-one volatile compounds were identified via GC–MS analysis. Nonterpenoids were the main components, with a relative concentration of 58.69%, in addition to terpenoids (37.86%) and carotenoid-derived compounds (1.75%). n-dodecanal (22.61%), α-humulene (11.29%), 2,4-dimethylicosane (8.97%), 2E-hexenoic acid (8.04%), γ-nonalactone (3.51%), and limonene (3.09%) were characterized as main compounds. The extracted EO exhibited substantial allelopathic activity against the germination, seedling root, and shoot growth of the weed E. colona in a dose-dependent manner, showing IC50 values of 77.27, 60.84, and 33.80 mg L−1, respectively. In addition, the P. lapathifolia EO showed substantial antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant. The EO attained IC50 values of 159.69 and 230.43 mg L−1, for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, while ascorbic acid exhibited IC50 values 47.49 and 56.68 mg L−1, respectively. The present results showed that the emergent leafy stems of aquatic plants such as P. lapathifolia have considerably low content of the EO, which exhibited substantial activities such as antioxidant and allelopathic activities. Further study is recommended to evaluate the effects of various environmental and climatic conditions on the production and composition of the EOs of P. lapathifolia.

Chemical Constituents, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Silico Study on NADPH Oxidase of Allium sativum L. (Garlic) Essential Oil

“…However, allyl structures and phenylpropanoids also constitute the phytochemical profile of some EOs [ 3 ]. EOs have been linked to antioxidant activity [ 4 ] as free radical scavengers and metal chelators [ 5 ], as well as to other biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic [ 6 ], sedative [ 7 ], antibacterial [ 8 ], antiviral [ 9 ], neuroprotective [ 10 ], and antifungal properties [ 11 ].…”

Chemical Composition of Kickxia aegyptiaca Essential Oil and Its Potential Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

“…The aromadendrene oxide-rich EO of Cleome amblyocarpa has been described to have allelopathic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities [ 43 ]. The K. aegyptiaca EO showed a higher antioxidant activity than the EOs of other reported plants, such as Persicaria lapathifolia [ 25 ], Cleome droserifolia [ 44 ], and Deverra tortuosa [ 45 ], while it showed a lower antioxidant activity than those reported for the EOs of E. mauritanica [ 34 ].…”

“…The profile of the monoterpenes was totally different compared to that reported in K. spuria EO, except for eugenol [ 10 ]. This variation could be ascribed to the genetic differences in both species [ 24 ], and the environmental and climatic conditions have also been reported to affect the composition of the EO [ 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Cuminic aldehyde is basically the main compound of Cuminum cyminum, with a concentration of 22.4–41.5% [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

“…The extracted EO was chemically analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The characterization and identification of chemical constituents were performed with the same conditions and protocol as described previously [ 25 , 59 ]. The GC-MS apparatus was made up of TRACE GC Ultra-Gas Chromatographs (THERMO Scientific™ Corporate, Waltham, MA, USA) with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific ISQ™ EC, Waltham, MA, USA).…”

Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from Anisosciadium lanatum Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers

“…Essential oils (Eos), as secondary metabolites produced from such medicinal and aromatic plants, offer great value in terms of their various curative and biological properties. Several investigations have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, and cytotoxic activities of such Eos [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Cancer is described as a fatal health condition, considered to be one of major factors leading to death.…”