Persistence and Complex Evolution of Fluoroquinolone-ResistantStreptococcus pneumoniaeClone

Abstract

This clone has persisted in a post–acute care facility for >5 years.

Dissimilar Fitness Associated with Resistance to Fluoroquinolones Influences Clonal Dynamics of Various Multiresistant Bacteria

“…In addition to the pathogens mentioned above the prospect of a “fluoroquinolone resistance-associated fitness mechanism” in the dissemination of a variety of multiresistant pathogens would be worth investigated. Among others the ST198 clone of Salmonella Kentucky ( Le Hello et al, 2013 ) and the fluoroquinolone resistant clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae ( Ben-David et al, 2014 ).…”

The association of serotype and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotype in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in Israel

“…Another study that investigated the persistence of fluoroquinolone-resistant S. pneumoniae in a longterm care facility, demonstrated how a capsular switch along with multiple antimicrobial resistance mutations occurred within a single clone. 8 Taken together, these data highlight the need to continue long-term genetic cloning for surveillance of replacement disease in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.…”

Differences in Antibiotic-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses between Laboratory and Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae

“…However, resistance is now common in many countries, resulting into a shift toward the use of other molecules, including respiratory fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). While the rates of resistance to these alternative agents remain globally low, some countries are nonetheless experiencing decreased susceptibilities (6,8,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), and a precise understanding of the mode of action (MOA) of antibiotics and of the cellular response that they induce should prove useful for the prevention of further resistance.…”

“…However, resistance is now common in many countries, resulting into a shift toward the use of other molecules, including respiratory fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins (6-11). While the rates of resistance to these alternative agents remain globally low, some countries are nonetheless experiencing decreased susceptibilities (6,8,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), and a precise understanding of the mode of action (MOA) of antibiotics and of the cellular response that they induce should prove useful for the prevention of further resistance.Bactericidal antibiotics have been proposed to contribute to bacterial death through a common mechanism involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a common effector (17-24). While generating great enthusiasm regarding novel therapeutic strategies (25, 26), this unified model remains a matter of debate given recent contradictory findings about the role of oxidants in the MOA of bactericidal antibiotics (27-29).…”