Persistence of a SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in patients with long COVID and lung sequelae after COVID-19

Cruz, Tamara; Mendoza, Núria; Lledó, Gema; Perea, Lídia; Albacar, Núria; Agustí, Àlvar; Sellarés, Jacobo; Sibila, Oriol; Faner, Rosa

doi:10.1183/23120541.00020-2023

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some authors have found that patients with long COVID-19 present with altered CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations that could be associated with viral persistence [ 70 ]. In long COVID-19 patients, an increase of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-gamma [ 71 ] has been observed, and Cruz and co-authors [ 72 ] found increased levels of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in long COVID-19 patients with lung sequelae. In patients with post–COVID-19 syndrome, Acosta Ampudia and co-authors [ 73 ] found increased levels of CD8+ effector T cells and CD4+ effector memory T cells after 11 months of follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case–Control Study

Domènech-Montoliu,

Puig-Barberà,

Pac-Sa

et al. 2024

Epidemiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our goal was to determine the cellular immune response (CIR) in a sample of the Borriana COVID-19 cohort (Spain) to identify associated factors and their relationship with infection, reinfection and sequelae. We conducted a nested case–control study using a randomly selected sample of 225 individuals aged 18 and older, including 36 individuals naïve to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and 189 infected patients. We employed flow-cytometry–based immunoassays for intracellular cytokine staining, using Wuhan and BA.2 antigens, and chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Logistic regression models were applied. A total of 215 (95.6%) participants exhibited T-cell response (TCR) to at least one antigen. Positive responses of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were 89.8% and 85.3%, respectively. No difference in CIR was found between naïve and infected patients. Patients who experienced sequelae exhibited a higher CIR than those without. A positive correlation was observed between TCR and anti-spike IgG levels. Factors positively associated with the TCR included blood group A, number of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses received, and anti-N IgM; factors inversely related were the time elapsed since the last vaccine dose or infection, and blood group B. These findings contribute valuable insights into the nuanced immune landscape shaped by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case–Control Study

Domènech-Montoliu,

Puig-Barberà,

Pac-Sa

et al. 2024

Epidemiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a growing body of evidence of the protective role of CD8 + T cells in SARS-CoV-2 immunity and COVID-19 pathogenesis [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], but information about their role in PASC is scant or controversial [ 24 , 25 ]. Here, we use pHLA dextramers to analyze the antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in patients with severe COVID-19 during the acute and convalescent phases, and to determine their phenotype and functionality after in vitro stimulation using flow cytometry and ICS [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Predictive Value of SARS-CoV-2 Epitope-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Response in Patients with Severe Symptoms

Martín-Martín,

del Riego,

Castiñeira

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Specific T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 provided an overview of acquired immunity during the pandemic. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity determines the severity of acute illness, but also might be related to the possible persistence of symptoms (long COVID). We retrospectively analyzed ex vivo longitudinal CD8+ T cell responses in 26 COVID-19 patients diagnosed with severe disease, initially (1 month) and long-term (10 months), and in a cohort of 32 vaccinated healthcare workers without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) dextramers recognizing 26 SARS-CoV-2-derived epitopes of viral and other non-structural proteins. Most patients responded to at least one of the peptides studied, mainly derived from non-structural ORF1ab proteins. After 10 months follow-up, CD8+ T cell responses were maintained at long term and reaction against certain epitopes (A*01:01-ORF1ab1637) was still detected and functional, showing a memory-like phenotype (CD127+ PD-1+). The total number of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells was significantly associated with protection against long COVID in these patients. Compared with vaccination, infected patients showed a less effective immune response to spike protein-derived peptides restricted by HLA. So, the A*01:01-S865 and A*24:02-S1208 dextramers were only recognized in vaccinated individuals. We conclude that initial SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell response could be used as a marker to understand the evolution of severe disease and post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

show abstract

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case-Control Study

Domenèch-Montoliu,

Puig-Barberà,

Pac-Sa

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our goal was to determine the cellular immune response (CIR) among a random sample of the Borriana COVID-19 cohort (Spain) to identify its associated factors and their relationship with infection, reinfection and sequelae. We conducted a nested case-control study using a randomly selected sample of 225 individuals age 18 and older, including 36 individual naïve to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 189 infected patients. We employed flow cytometry-based immunoassays for intracellular cytokine staining, utilizing Wuhan and BA.2 antigens and chemoluminescence microparticle immunoassay for detection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Logistic regression models were used. A total of 215 (95.6%) participants exhibited T-cell response (TCR) to at least one antigen. Positive responses of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were 89.8% and 85.3% respectively. No difference in CIR was found for naïve and infected patients. Patients who experienced sequelae exhibited higher CIR than those without. A positive correlation was observed between TCR and Anti-Spike IgG levels. Factors positive associated with TCR included A-blood group, number of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses received, and Anti-N IgM; factors inversely related were the time elapsed since the last vaccine dose or infection, and B-blood group. These findings contribute valuable insights into the nuance immune landscape shaped by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.

show abstract

Persistence of a SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in patients with long COVID and lung sequelae after COVID-19

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case–Control Study

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case–Control Study

Assessing Predictive Value of SARS-CoV-2 Epitope-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Response in Patients with Severe Symptoms

Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case-Control Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About