Persistence of Crop Seeds in Soil<sup>1</sup>

Rampton, H. H.; Ching, Te May

doi:10.2134/agronj1970.00021962006200020029x

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We found evidence that deeply buried seeds survived longer in the soil than seeds near the soil surface, as reported for some temperate agricultural species (Rampton andChing 1970, Taylorson 1970). However, the causes of seed loss in tropical forests and temperate agricultural systems may differ.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics Of Pioneer Seedssupporting

confidence: 86%

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Dalling

Swaine

Garwood

1998

Ecology

230

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seed dispersal patterns and seed persistence in the soil should strongly influence the distribution of pioneer tree recruits in gaps. Nonetheless, seed distribution patterns for pioneers are poorly known, and processes controlling the fate of seeds in the soil have been little explored. We examined patterns of seed rain, seed abundance in the soil, and seed mortality of two common pioneer trees, Miconia argentea (Melastomataceae) and Cecropia insignis (Moraceae), on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. For each species, we selected four isolated, reproductive trees within a 50‐ha forest dynamics plot. Seed rain and soil seed bank samples were collected, respectively, in mesh traps and from soil cores sampled along transects radiating away from the tree crowns. At below‐crown sites, seed rain inputs far exceeded soil seed bank densities measured at the end of the fruiting season. For Miconia, the below‐crown seed bank in the surface 3 cm of soil accounted for only 23% of seed rain, and for Cecropia, only 2%. However for Miconia, at distances >5 m from the crown seed bank densities exceeded the annual seed rain input. For both species log seed densities in the seed bank declined linearly with log distance from the crown and also decreased dramatically through the year. The annual loss rate of Miconia seeds was >90% below the crown and declined to 65% at 30 m from the crown. The annual loss rate for Cecropia was >90% at all distances. Seed losses in the seed bank could be largely attributed to mortality from pathogenic fungi. Fungicide treatment significantly increased seed survival in the soil for both species. For these two gap‐dependent pioneer species, rapid seed‐bank turnover rates and logarithmic declines in soil seed density with distance from adults suggested that both the spatial distribution and timing of gap formation may have influenced their chances of successful gap colonization. Recruitment from distant seed sources, or from seeds surviving in the soil after the death of the parent tree, may be relatively rare for these species.

show abstract

Section: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics Of Pioneer Seedssupporting

confidence: 86%

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Dalling

Swaine

Garwood

1998

Ecology

230

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, such kind of winter environment of the temperate regions does not exist in most sorghum growing regions of Sub-Sahara Africa including Ethiopia. The observation that an increase in depth of burial increases longevity was in agreement with the previous reports in sorghum (Jacques et al 1974), crimson and red clovers (Rampton and Ching 1970), in jointed goat grass (Donald and Zimdahl 1987), in wild oat (Miller and Nalewaja 1990), and in Amaranthus retroflexus seeds (Omami et al 1999), to mention a few. This may be due mainly to the unavailability of suitable conditions for germination such as a decrease in oxygen content with increase in depth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ecotypic variation for seed dormancy, longevity and germination requirements in wild/weedy Sorghum bicolor in Ethiopia: implications for seed mediated transgene dispersal and persistence

Adugna

2013

SpringerPlus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seed dispersal is one of the vehicles of gene flow in plants. If a seed carrying transgene(s) is dispersed into the environment, the fate can be determined by its persistence in the soil bank, which can also vary in different ecotypes of a species and the physical environment of the soil including temperature and moisture. This study aimed at investigating ecotypic differences in wild sorghum for dormancy and longevity and their response to varying levels of temperature and moisture for seed germination to aid efforts to predict the potential risk of transgene flow via seeds and persistence in the soil. Wild sorghum seed was collected from different geographical regions in Ethiopia and buried for a maximum of 24 months in the soil. In a separate study, three levels of constant temperature and five levels of osmotic potential (Ψs) were used to investigate variation in wild sorghum ecotypes for seed germination. Viability of buried seeds declined over time, but the rate of decline differed among ecotypes. Better seed longevity was observed at 20 cm soil depth than 10 cm in two wild sorghum ecotypes. Crop seeds depleted within the first six months regardless of the burial depth whereas on the average 1.24% viability was observed in wild sorghum seed after 24 months of burial in the soil. Ecotypic differences were also evident in response to varying temperature and Ψs. Therefore, dispersed seeds carrying crop genes (including transgenes) could persist in the soil for considerable period of time, which may have implications for transgene flow and persistence.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-248) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…Lolium perenne appears to behave similarly to L. rigidum: when placed on the soil surface or buried at a depth of 2 cm or 5 cm, only 1% of L. perenne seeds remained viable after one year under temperate climatic conditions [14]. Elsewhere, 4% of L. multiflorum seeds buried in moist, well-drained soil at depths of 2-15 cm retained viability after three years, and 0.4% remained after seven years [15,16] (see Figures 1-4 in [16] for curves showing the decline in seed viability in L. multiflorum and L. perenne seeds buried in both well-and poorly-drained soil). A period of survival in the soil even as short as 16 months is still sufficient for considerable release of dormancy over summer and autumn, and ensures that the seed bank will be replenished every growing season unless seed set is prevented in the new generation of plants.…”

Section: Persistence Of L Rigidum Seeds In the Soil Seed Bankmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Lolium rigidum Seeds: The Key to Managing a Problem Weed?

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 40 million hectare southern Australian winter cropping region suffers from widespread infestation by Lolium rigidum (commonly known as annual or rigid ryegrass), a Mediterranean species initially introduced as a pasture plant. Along with its high competitiveness within crops, rapid adaptability and widespread resistance to herbicides, the dormancy of its seeds means that L. rigidum is the primary weed in southern Australian agriculture. With the individuals within a L. rigidum population exhibiting varying levels of seed dormancy, germination can be staggered across the crop-growing season, making complete weed removal virtually impossible, and ensuring that the weed seed bank is constantly replenished. By understanding the processes involved in induction and release of dormancy in L. rigidum seeds, it may be possible to develop strategies to more effectively manage this pest without further stretching herbicide resources. This review examines L. rigidum seed dormancy and germination from a weed-management perspective and explains how the seed bank can be depleted by control strategies encompassing all stages in the lifecycle of a seed, from development to germination

show abstract

Persistence of Crop Seeds in Soil¹

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Ecotypic variation for seed dormancy, longevity and germination requirements in wild/weedy Sorghum bicolor in Ethiopia: implications for seed mediated transgene dispersal and persistence

Understanding Lolium rigidum Seeds: The Key to Managing a Problem Weed?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Persistence of Crop Seeds in Soil1

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Dispersal Patterns and Seed Bank Dynamics of Pioneer Trees in Moist Tropical Forest

Ecotypic variation for seed dormancy, longevity and germination requirements in wild/weedy Sorghum bicolor in Ethiopia: implications for seed mediated transgene dispersal and persistence

Understanding Lolium rigidum Seeds: The Key to Managing a Problem Weed?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Persistence of Crop Seeds in Soil¹