Persistence of diflubenzuron on Appalachian forest leaves after aerial application of dimilin

Wimmer, Mary J.; Smith, Robert R.; Wellings, Deborah L.; Toney, Steven R.; Faber, David C.; Miracle, Jerry E.; Carnes, Jason T.; Rutherford, Aaron B.

doi:10.1021/jf00035a069

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Our observations were compared with literature data. The published data on persistence of DFB on foliage of deciduous trees ranged from 18% after 2 days up to 80% after 21 days 9, 10. Data reported in this paper are closer to the latter study and corroborate the long‐term effect of the active compound.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…No data are available in the literature on the possible persistence of DFB on/in horse chestnut foliage. The stability of DFB has been studied on other deciduous as well as coniferous trees;9–11 in these cases, DFB was reported to remain stable over extended periods. As the horse chestnut is one of the favourite ornamental trees in parks and other public areas, the environmental impact of DFB formulations should be carefully assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella

Nejmanová

Cvačka

Kuldová

et al. 2006

Pest Management Science

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Residues of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron were quantified on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves treated with a diflubenzuron 480 g litre(-1) SC, Dimilin. To analyse the samples, an analytical procedure was developed involving a simple extraction step followed by high-performance liquid chromatography on an octadecyl-modified silica column with methanol + 0.01 M ammonium acetate mobile phase. The results showed diflubenzuron to be highly stable on horse chestnut leaves; more than 4 months (127 days) after application, 38% (on average) of the insecticide still remained on/in the leaves. The data confirmed biological observations showing diflubenzuron's long-term efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimić, which is the most important pest of the horse chestnut in Europe. The hypothesis of possible penetration of diflubenzuron into the leaf mass is explored and discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella

Nejmanová

Cvačka

Kuldová

et al. 2006

Pest Management Science

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“…Most of the diflubenzuron that washes off foliage does so with the first major rainfall, but a substantial amount adheres to leaf surfaces for weeks to months. Typically 20 to 80% of the original amount applied remains 2 to 3 weeks after treatment, but thereafter its decline in the canopy is slow for the rest of the season and 5 to 50% will remain until leaf fall (Wimmer et al 1993). There is some effective dilution via leaf expansion but not likely enough to reduce mortality to leaf chewers.…”

Section: Non-target Issues With Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gypsy moth establishment and dominance in native caterpillar communities of northern oak forests

Timms

Smith

2011

Can Entomol

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Little research has addressed the impacts of invasive-species establishment on native forest insect communities. Such information is lacking even for gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), the most thoroughly studied invasive forest insect. We investigated the ecological impacts of gypsy moth on native species at sites in north-central Ontario, Canada, with and without significant histories of gypsy moth defoliation over a 2-year period. Patterns in native forest caterpillar communities are described using measures of species diversity and multivariate analysis. We documented a transition from low-level to dominant gypsy moth populations. Sites with different gypsy moth outbreak histories exhibited differences in rank-abundance distributions and dominance structures in the first year of the study; by the second year, gypsy moth was dominant at sites of both types irrespective of their previous defoliation history. Contrary to our predictions, we found that gypsy moth outbreak history had no significant effects on native caterpillar community diversity or structure. However, sites with currently high gypsy moth abundance demonstrated significant shifts in late-season caterpillar community structure. Our results suggest that observed community differences were due to the presence of a highly abundant folivore, and not to permanent shifts in the native community because of the introduction of an invasive species.

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“…Peltoperla arcuata and Pteronarcys proteus were fed yellow poplar leaves with mean (and standard deviation) DFB residues of 141.0 (67.5) and 110.8 (29.0) ppb, respectively. These are residues that have been found to occur at the time of leaf fall [23], when contaminated leaf material would most likely enter a stream. The variability in dosage may have been due, in part, to the heterogeneity of DFB coverage on the leaf surface.…”

Section: Feeding Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®) on Selected Mayflies (Heptageniidae) and Stoneflies (Peltoperlidae and Pteronarcyidae)

Harrahy¹,

Perry²,

Wimmer³

et al. 1994

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Two types of laboratory toxicity tests (exposure in water and feeding) were conducted to determine the effects of diflubenzuron (DFB) on nontarget aquatic insects. The mayflies Cynygmula subaequalis, Sfenacron interpunctatum, Stenonema meririvulanum, and Stenonema femoratum (Heptageniidae) and the stonefly Peltoperla arcuata (Peltoperlidae) were exposed to DFB in water for 96 h, then transferred to pesticide-free water and observed for 36 d. The mayflies were exposed to 0, 0.6, 5.6,55.7, or 557.2 ppb and the stoneflies to 0, 1 .O, 10.2, 101.5, or 1,015 ppb DFB in water. The mayflies were found to be sensitive to DFB in water at concentrations as low as 0.6 ppb. The stonefly was less sensitive to DFB in water. In our feeding studies, Peltoperla arcuata and Pteronarcysproteus (Pteronarcyidae) were fed DFB-treated yellow poplar leaves for 24 d, then observed for 60 and 90 d, respectively. Survival of treated Peltoperla was significantly different from the controls at day 60. Survival of treated Pteronarcys was not significantly different from the controls during the 90-d test period, although the low number of molts that occurred during that time may have influenced these results. Future studies should use early life stages that coincide with leaf fall, when treated leaves would be introduced to headwater streams. The life histories of many aquatic insects are timed to make maximum use of leaf detritus ar a food base. Introduction of DFB-treated leaves to headwater streams may adversely affect these organisms.

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Persistence of diflubenzuron on Appalachian forest leaves after aerial application of dimilin

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella

Residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella

Effects of gypsy moth establishment and dominance in native caterpillar communities of northern oak forests

The Effects of Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®) on Selected Mayflies (Heptageniidae) and Stoneflies (Peltoperlidae and Pteronarcyidae)

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