Persistence of functional antibodies to group B streptococcal capsular polysaccharides following immunization with glycoconjugate vaccines

Edwards, Morven S.; Lane, Heidi J.; Hillier, Sharon L.; Rench, Marcia A.; Baker, Carol J.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.048

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Glycoconjugate vaccines have shown 40 to 60% peak antibody concentrations and good in vitro activity at 18 to 24 months postvaccination (311)(312)(313)(314). With continued research and development in this area, vaccine development should lead to reductions of both morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population.…”

Section: Update On Current Status Of Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Early-onset sepsis remains a common and serious problem for neonates, especially preterm infants. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the most common etiologic agent, while Escherichia coli is the most common cause of mortality. Current efforts toward maternal intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis have significantly reduced the rates of GBS disease but have been associated with increased rates of Gram-negative infections, especially among very-low-birth-weight infants. The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is based on a combination of clinical presentation; the use of nonspecific markers, including C-reactive protein and procalcitonin (where available); blood cultures; and the use of molecular methods, including PCR. Cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and cell surface antigens, including soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM) and CD64, are also being increasingly examined for use as nonspecific screening measures for neonatal sepsis. Viruses, in particular enteroviruses, parechoviruses, and herpes simplex virus (HSV), should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Empirical treatment should be based on local patterns of antimicrobial resistance but typically consists of the use of ampicillin and gentamicin, or ampicillin and cefotaxime if meningitis is suspected, until the etiologic agent has been identified. Current research is focused primarily on development of vaccines against GBS.

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Section: Update On Current Status Of Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

et al. 2014

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“…Moreover, HEU newborns had lower concentrations of antibody-mediated complement deposition on all GBS serotypes suggesting different functionality of GBS-specific antibody (44). Antibody, along with complement, contributes to opsonophagocytosis of GBS strains (45, 46). The opsonophagocytic (OPA) activity of GBS serotype-specific antibodies has been shown to inversely correlate with colonization in pregnancy (47).…”

Section: Transfer Of Gbs-specific Maternal Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Group B Streptococcus Invasive Infection in HIV-Exposed but Uninfected Infants: A Review of the Evidence and Possible Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and mortality worldwide. Studies from both developed and developing countries have shown that HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants are at increased risk of infectious morbidity, as compared to HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU). A higher susceptibility to GBS infections has been reported in HEU infants, particularly late-onset diseases and more severe manifestations of GBS diseases. We review here the possible explanations for increased susceptibility to GBS infection. Maternal GBS colonization during pregnancy is a major risk factor for early-onset GBS invasive disease, but colonization rates are not higher in HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected pregnant women, while selective colonization with more virulent strains in HIV-infected women is suggested in some studies. Lower serotype-specific GBS maternal antibody transfer and quantitative and qualitative defects of innate immune responses in HEU infants may play a role in the increased risk of GBS invasive disease. The impact of maternal antiretroviral treatment and its consequences on immune activation in HEU newborns are important to study. Maternal immunization presents a promising intervention to reduce GBS burden in the growing HEU population.

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“…Based on this correlation, several candidate CPSbased vaccines intended for administration to pregnant women have been developed [14][15][16]. Unlike IAP, maternal immunization offers the potential for protection of infants beyond the first week of life by placental transfer of maternal antibodies [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%