Persistence of ivermectin in plasma and faeces following treatment of cows with ivermectin sustained-release, pour-on or injectable formulations

Herd, R.P.; Samś, R. A.; Ashcraft, Susan

doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(96)80007-5

Cited by 95 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Lumaret et al (1993) observed the peak of elimination (4200 ng/g) at day 5, and were unable to detect any ivermectin beyond day 12. Our results, with the highest level of ivermectin in dung 3 to 5 days after treatment, are similar to the findings of Herd et al (1996). They found a peak concentration of 1200 ng/g on day 3 after treatment, followed by a gradual Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Treatment of reindeer with ivermectin - effect on dung insect fauna

Nilssen

Åsbakk

Haugerud

et al. 1999

Ran

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug widely used in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus (L.)) in Fennoscandia and North America. Most of the ivermectin injected in the animal is excreted unchanged in the faeces. Several reports show that ivermectin in cattle dung disrupts colonisation and survival of beneficial dung breeding insects. The present study investigated the effect of ivermectin on the reindeer dung fauna. Four reindeer calves (males, 6 months of age) were injected subcutaneously with standard doses of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg body weight) in early December. The daily produced faeces was collected until day 30 after treatment, and the concentration of ivermectin was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The highest concentration measured (mean 1632 ng/g faeces (dry weight), range 907 to 2261 ng/g among the animals) was on day 4 after treatment. The concentration decreased gradually to 28 ng/g (range 6 to 58 ng/g) on day 30. Faeces portions from day 4 and from untreated reindeer were placed in the field on 2-4 July and recollected on 13-22 September in order to detect possible differences in decomposition fauna between the samples. The most important coprophilous beetles (Apbodius spp.) and flies (Scatbophaga spp.) were not detected in this winter dung whether it contained ivermectin or not, probably because of the dry consistency and small size of the pellets. On the other hand, these insects (larvae and imagines) were common in summer dung, which had been deposited naturally in the field and later placed together with the ivermectin-containing winter dung for comparison. The summer dung has a more soft and lumpy consistency. Treatment in autumn or early winter implies that the bulk of the ivermectin from the animal will be present in faeces with winter consistency, since this bulk portion is excreted during the first 30 days after treatment. This dry and pelleted faeces is not utilized by the important coprophilous insecr species, and the current practice of treatment of reindeer with ivermectin in autumn or early winter is therefore the regime representing the least danger of harmful influence on the coprophilous fauna and their contribution to the dung decomposition process.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The concentration of ivermectin in faeces as a function of days after treatment has been investigated in cattle (Sommer et al, 1992;Sommer & Steffansen, 1993;Lumaret et al. 1993;Payne et al, 1995;Herd et al, 1996), but so far not in reindeer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of reindeer with ivermectin - effect on dung insect fauna

Nilssen

Åsbakk

Haugerud

et al. 1999

Ran

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the latter study, the authors showed that faecal ivermectin concentration gradually increased to reach a peak concentration of 4.1 µg⋅g -1 at 4 days post-administration, and that the level dropped to a steady-state concentration of 1.18 µg⋅g -1 which was maintained up until 120 days after treatment. Herd et al [9] reported a lower plateau concentration (0.5 µg⋅g -1 ) that lasted up until 49 days after treatment. In the present experiment, the concentration ranged between 0.7 and 1.4 µg⋅g -1 between days 4 and 105 after treatment, with no emergence of beetles during this period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The negative effects of the residues of ivermectin in cattle dung using a sustained-release bolus on Aphodius constans (Duft.) (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae)

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-This paper reports the findings of two trials into the effects of the treatment of cattle with ivermectin slow-release (SR) bolus on the larval development of the dung beetle Aphodius constans Duft. Rectal faecal samples were collected prior to treatment and every 3 and 2 weeks in a first and second trial, respectively, and up to 156 days post-administration of the SR bolus. Faecal ivermectin concentration reached a peak at 63 days post-treatment (1427 ng⋅g -1 ) and ivermectin was detected up to 147 days post-treatment in the first trial (7.2 ng⋅g -1 ). First stage larvae of A. constans were reared with control or contaminated dung and adult beetles were counted after emergence. In the first trial, the comparison of pairwise samples showed that ivermectin prevented the development of larval A. constans until day 105, while at day 135 the rate of emergence was still significantly lower than the corresponding series of control (p < 0.05). In the second trial, the difference between control and treated series remained significant until 143 days post-treatment, with no emergence until 128 days post-administration of SR bolus to cattle. These results show the negative effect of ivermectin on the development of larval A. constans, even at a low concentration (38.4 ng⋅g -1 ). The administration of ivermectin sustained-release bolus to cattle was highly effective in killing dung beetle larvae for approximately 143 days after treatment. The results were similar when dung was obtained from a single animal kept alone, or from a blending of faecal pats obtained from a group of animals kept in field conditions during the whole trial period.ivermectin / sustained-release (SR) bolus / cattle / dung beetle / rate of emergence / environmental risk Vet. Res. 32 (2001) [421][422][423][424][425][426][427] 421

show abstract

“…The ivermectin bolus is claimed by the manufacturer to release 12 mg ivermectin daily for 135 d and thus maintains the treated cattle virtually worm-free for most of the grazing season. However, concern has been raised about possible environmental and economic consequences when using avermectins [11], particularly if administered through the sustained-release system [20,38]. Clearly, certain developmental stages of some coprophilic invertebrates (dung beetles and flies) are particularly sensitive to ivermectin residues in ruminant dung [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disintegration of Dung Pats from Cattle Treated with the Ivermectin Anthelmintic Bolus, or the Biocontrol Agent Duddingtonia flagrans

Höglund

Waller

2003

Acta Vet Scand

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1998, 1999 and 2000 to study the influence of the antiparasitic drug ivermectin and the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on cattle dung disintegration. The faeces originated from groups of animals that were part of a separate grazing experiment where different control strategies for nematode parasite infections were investigated. Each group consisted of 10 first-season grazing cattle that were either untreated, treated with the ivermectin sustained-release bolus, or fed chlamydospores of D. flagrans. Faeces were collected monthly on 4 occasions and out of pooled faeces from each group, 4 artificial 1 kg dung pats were prepared and deposited on nylon mesh on an enclosed pasture and protected from birds. The position of the new set of pats was repeated throughout the 3 years of the study. Each year, the dung pats were weighed 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after deposition and immediately afterwards replaced to their initial positions. Results showed that there was no difference in faecal pat disintegration between groups. However, the time-lag between deposition and complete disintegration of the faeces varied significantly between deposition occasions. Dung pats disappeared within 2 weeks (visual observation) when subjected to heavy rainfall early after deposition, whereas an extended dry period coincided with faeces still remaining 12 months after deposition.cattle; faecal pat; disintegration; ivermectin; biological control; Duddingtonia flagrans.

show abstract

Persistence of ivermectin in plasma and faeces following treatment of cows with ivermectin sustained-release, pour-on or injectable formulations

Cited by 95 publications

References 17 publications

Treatment of reindeer with ivermectin - effect on dung insect fauna

Treatment of reindeer with ivermectin - effect on dung insect fauna

The negative effects of the residues of ivermectin in cattle dung using a sustained-release bolus on Aphodius constans (Duft.) (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae)

Disintegration of Dung Pats from Cattle Treated with the Ivermectin Anthelmintic Bolus, or the Biocontrol Agent Duddingtonia flagrans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About