Persistence of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies 2–16 years after immunization with live attenuated vaccine. A seroepidemiologic survey in the mainland of Venice.

Trivello, R.; Renzulli, G; Farisano, G.; Bonello, Charmaine; Moschen, Maria Elisa; Gasparini, V.; Benussi, G

doi:10.1017/s0950268800029472

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…So, as expected, GMT values for poliovirus type 2 were always higher than those for poliovirus type 1 and both were higher than those for poliovirus type 3, when calculated by age group (Table 2). Studies conducted in the United States (1,8,13), Oman (17), Italy (2,6,12,(18)(19)(20), Finland (5), Israel (3), and South Africa (15) on antibody titers in OPV recipients monitored long-term concur with our results, demonstrating a decline in immunity and antibody geometric mean values. Overall, those surveys reported that the decline in immunity and GMT of neutralizing antibodies is related to intervals since the last OPV vaccination and not to gender, race, age at primary vaccination, or number of previous administrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Nates

Martı́nez²,

Barril³

et al. 2007

Viral Immunology

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The persistence of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies was investigated in 297 individuals residing in Argentina who had completed the vaccination cycle with four or five oral polio vaccine (OPV) doses 1 mo to 19 yr before this study. Seropositivity for the three polio types in individuals who had received four OPV doses remained high and stable, showing rates not less than 94.6, 98.2, and 91.1% for types 1, 2, and 3, respectively, for a period of at least 6 yr. Almost identical rates were found in children who completed a vaccination schedule of five OPV doses 1 to 2 yr earlier. However, humoral immunity to poliovirus types 3 and 1 declined significantly 9 and 17 yr, respectively, after the booster dose had been administered; in contrast, type 2 immunity remained fairly stable during the 19-yr study period. Overall, geometric mean titer values for poliovirus types 1 and 2 were higher than those for poliovirus type 3. This is likely a result of low initial poliovirus type 3 antibody titers that eventually fell below the limits of detection at later time points. The results indicate that although antibody titers primed by OPV decline over time, they are remarkably long-lived, immunity to poliovirus types 1 and 2 being more prevalent than that against type 3 at late intervals postvaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Nates

Martı́nez²,

Barril³

et al. 2007

Viral Immunology

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“…The highest antibody seroprevalence and GMTs in each age group were for P2 and the lowest was for P3. These results are similar to those of other countries, such as Brazil (21), Germany (22), the United States (23), Italy (24)(25)(26)(27), Belgium (28), Greece (29), Netherlands (30), and South Africa (31). Nates and colleagues in Argentina found that humoral immunity to P3 declined significantly over time (32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

Wang

Cui

Ding

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Despite remarkable progression toward polio eradication worldwide, wild poliovirus (WPV) importation has been a great challenge for China, as it shares borders with countries where WPV is endemic. The objective of this study was to estimate poliovirus antibody seroprevalence among children <15 years of age in 3 border provinces (Yunnan Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) in China. A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was undertaken in 3 border provinces in 2010. Individuals <15 years old who visited hospitals at the prefecture level or above to have their blood drawn for any reason were invited to participate in our study. Neutralizing antibody titers to polio serotypes 1 (P1), P2, and P3 were assayed according to the World Health Organization manual for the virological investigation of polio. Antibody titers of >8 were considered positive. Among the 1,360 subjects enrolled, 1,220 (89.7%), 1,259 (92.6%), and 1,112 (81.8%) were seropositive to P1, P2, and P3, respectively, and 1,051 (77.3%) subjects were seropositive to all three serotypes. The highest seropositive rates were observed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By age, 3-to 5-year-old subjects had the highest rate of seropositivity, and seropositivity decreased significantly with increasing age. The risk of WPV importation will continue until WPV transmission has been interrupted worldwide. Consistent with the Global Polio Eradication Initiative's polio endgame strategy, China must maintain its polio-free status by ensuring adequate population immunity against polio. Because immunity wanes with increasing age, a booster dose with bivalent type 1 and 2 oral poliovirus vaccine could be considered for teenagers in China.

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“…Several of the OPV challenge studies (Table ) and serological surveys provide cross‐sectional data on the persistence of antibodies after vaccination, which show that antibody levels can drop below detectable levels in previously LPV‐infected or IPV‐vaccinated subjects ,. Other cross‐sectional serological data confirm the decrease both in the proportion of seropositive subjects and mean antibody titers as a function of time since the last vaccination …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Expert Review on Poliovirus Immunity and Transmission

Tebbens¹,

et al. 2012

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Successfully managing risks to achieve wild polioviruses (WPVs) eradication and address the complexities of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) cessation to stop all cases of paralytic poliomyelitis depends strongly on our collective understanding of poliovirus immunity and transmission. With increased shifting from OPV to inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), numerous risk management choices motivate the need to understand the tradeoffs and uncertainties and to develop models to help inform decisions. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention hosted a meeting of international experts in April 2010 to review the available literature relevant to poliovirus immunity and transmission. This expert review evaluates 66 OPV challenge studies and other evidence to support the development of quantitative models of poliovirus transmission and potential outbreaks. This review focuses on characterization of immunity as a function of exposure history in terms of susceptibility to excretion, duration of excretion, and concentration of excreted virus. We also discuss the evidence of waning of host immunity to poliovirus transmission, the relationship between the concentration of poliovirus excreted and infectiousness, the importance of different transmission routes, and the differences in transmissibility between OPV and WPV. We discuss the limitations of the available evidence for use in polio risk models, and conclude that despite the relatively large number of studies on immunity, very limited data exist to directly support quantification of model inputs related to transmission. Given the limitations in the evidence, we identify the need for expert input to derive quantitative model inputs from the existing data.

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Persistence of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies 2–16 years after immunization with live attenuated vaccine. A seroepidemiologic survey in the mainland of Venice.

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

Expert Review on Poliovirus Immunity and Transmission

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