“…The LCSs analysis has been applied to many oceanic research areas, including open ocean (Duran et al., 2018; Harrison & Glatzmaier, 2012), continental shelves (Dong et al., 2021; Hu & Zhou, 2019), and coastal and estuarine waters (Ghosh et al., 2018; Ghosh, Suara, Mccue, & Brown, 2021; Giudici et al., 2021; Suara et al., 2020; Wei et al., 2013), which provides a useful tool to investigate the accumulation and transport of material. The LCSs method was also used to study the interactions between physical processes and biogeochemical processes, such as the persistency of debris accumulation in estuaries (Ghosh, Suara, Mccue, Yu, & Brown, 2021), the development and dispersion of algal blooms (Olascoaga et al., 2008; Son et al., 2016), and the track of marine predators (Kai et al., 2009). Compared to traditional Lagrangian particle tracking techniques, which are focused on predicting the trajectories of individual particles and hardly resolve the full‐field transport information (Peacock & Haller, 2013), LCSs concentrate on the interactions of different fluid particles, which thus reveal the transport characteristics and the corresponding dynamical structures considering the field as a whole (Ottino, 1989; Wiggins, 1993).…”