Persistent effects of fire severity on early successional forests in interior Alaska

Shenoy, Aditi; Johnstone, Jill F.; Kasischke, Eric S.; Kielland, Knut

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.10.021

Cited by 90 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition to the direct inf luences on carbon f luxes through biomass combustion, fires also inf luence successional patterns, which can have long-term consequences on carbon cycling (Shenoy et al, 2011) and permafrost stability (O'Donnell et al, 2012b). Historically, black spruce forests are burned through stand-replacing fires every 70-130 years with an average return interval for the overall boreal forest of about 29-300 years (Yarie, 1981;Dyrness et al, 1986;Kasischke et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Interior Alaska Fire Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Douglas

Jones

Hiemstra

et al. 2014

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Boreal ecosystems store large quantities of carbon but are increasingly vulnerable to carbon loss due to disturbance and climate warming. The boreal region in Alaska and Canada, largely underlain by discontinuous permafrost, presents a challenging landscape for itemizing carbon sources and sinks in soil and vegetation. The roles of fire, forest succession, and the presence (or absence) of permafrost on carbon cycle, vegetation, and hydrologic processes have been the focus of multidisciplinary research in boreal ecosystems for the past 20 years. However, projections of a warming future climate, an increase in fire severity and extent, and the potential degradation of permafrost could lead to major landscape and carbon cycle changes over the next 20 to 50 years. To assist land managers in interior Alaska in adapting and managing for potential changes in the carbon cycle we developed this review paper by incorporating an overview of the climate, ecosystem processes, vegetation, and soil regimes. Our objective is to provide a synthesis of the most current carbon storage estimates and measurements to guide policy and land management decisions on how to best manage carbon sources and sinks. We surveyed estimates of aboveground and belowground carbon stocks for interior Alaska boreal ecosystems and summarized methane and carbon dioxide f luxes. These data have been converted into similar units to facilitate comparison across ecosystem compartments. We identify potential changes in the carbon cycle with climate change and human disturbance. A novel research question is how compounding disturbances affect carbon sources and sinks associated with boreal ecosystem processes. Finally, we provide recommendations to address the challenges facing land managers in efforts to manage carbon cycle processes. The results of this study can be used for carbon cycle management in other locations within the boreal biome which encompasses a broad distribution from 45° to 83° north.

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Section: Interior Alaska Fire Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Douglas

Jones

Hiemstra

et al. 2014

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…Belt line transects are very commonly used in studies on the population biology of plants [17,18] and they result in more precise estimates of population size, even for rare organisms, compared with square meter quadrats [19]. Following the procedures described by Praptosuwiryo et al [5,20], the belt line transects were 20 × 250 m 2 in size with 20 × 25 m 2 subplots.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Study of the Golden Chicken Fern (Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in Riau Province, Sumatra

Praptosuwiryo

Puspitaningtyas

Pribadi

et al. 2017

JTLS

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Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm. (Cibotiaceae) is an important export commodity for both traditional and modern medicine. Populations of this species in several countries have decreased rapidly due to the uncontrolled collection of the rhizome parts for medicinal purposes. Since 1976, this species has been included in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). This means that no export is allowed without a prior permit issued by the CITES committee. In order to utilize an endangered species sustainably, the global NDF (Non-Detriments Finding) system is applied for determining annual quotas. Therefore, monitoring and updating the inventory of C. barometz in its natural habitat should be carried out annually. A population study of C. barometz carried out in 2011 in Riau Province, Sumatra, is reported here. The aims of the study were: 1) to inventory C. barometz and determine its variation in Riau Province, Sumatra, 2) to study the distribution and ecology of C. barometz, and 3) to assess the population size of this species by using random search methodology incorporating belt line transects. Two variants of C. barometz are recognized; they are the golden yellow and golden brown variants. C. barometz is distributed in eight locations of Kampar District of Riau Province, in the secondary forest and rubber agroforest between 80 m and 600 m above sea level (asl). This species grows well in open to partially opened areas of secondary forest and rubber plantation in hills with a range of slope between 30° and 90°, with a relatively high humidity, 60 -90%, in acid to nearly neutral soil, with a range of soil fertility from very poor to very humus rich soil. The average population density determined in our study was 20 plants per 100 square meter. The highest population size was in the secondary forest of Bukit Kuda Beban at 590 -600 m asl., viz. 9405 plants with a population density of 47 plants per 100 square meter.

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“…Severe fires reduce the depth of the residual soil organic mat, facilitating the recruitment of deciduous seedlings Kasischke 2005, Johnstone andChapin 2006) that enhance the production of deciduous forage. This fire-severity effect on forest recovery can persist over several decades, converting stands from black spruce (Picea mariana) to aspen (Populus tremuloides; Shenoy et al 2011). Moose selectively feed on deciduous plant species, e.g., willow (Salix spp.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1994, the fire burned ∼8900 ha of a forest dominated by black spruce stands and a few mixed stands of aspen and spruce (Johnstone and Kasischke 2005). Fire-severity classes were determined by Michalek et al (2000) and ground-truthed by Shenoy et al (2011); see Figure 3. Postfire satellite imagery and field-based comparisons of the degree of soil organic matter consumed classified 61% of the burn as low severity, 6% as medium severity, and 33% as high severity.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of resilience theory in management of a moose–hunter system in Alaska

Brown¹,

Kellie²,

Brinkman³

et al. 2015

E&S

Self Cite

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ABSTRACT. We investigated wildfire-related effects on a slow ecological variable, i.e., forage production, and fast social-ecological variables, i.e., seasonal harvest rates, hunter access, and forage offtake, in a moose-hunter system in interior Alaska. In a 1994 burn, average forage production increased slightly (5%) between 2007 and 2013; however, the proportional removal across all sites declined significantly (10%). This suggests that moose are not utilizing the burn as much as they have in the past and that, as the burn has aged, the apparent habitat quality has declined. Areas with a greater proportion of accessible burned area supported both high numbers of hunters and harvested moose. Our results suggest that evaluating ecological variables in conjunction with social variables can provide managers with information to forecast management scenarios. We recommend that wildlife managers monitor fast variables frequently, e.g., annually, to adapt and keep their management responsive as resources fluctuate; whereas slower variables, which require less frequent monitoring, should be actively incorporated into long-term management strategies. Climate-driven increases in wildfire extent and severity and economically driven demographic changes are likely to increase both moose density and hunting pressure. However, the future resilience of this moose-hunter system will depend on integrated management of wildfire, hunter access, and harvest opportunities.

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Persistent effects of fire severity on early successional forests in interior Alaska

Cited by 90 publications

References 56 publications

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Population Study of the Golden Chicken Fern (Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in Riau Province, Sumatra

Applications of resilience theory in management of a moose–hunter system in Alaska

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Persistent effects of fire severity on early successional forests in interior Alaska

Cited by 90 publications

References 56 publications

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Sources and sinks of carbon in boreal ecosystems of interior Alaska: A review

Population Study of the Golden Chicken Fern (Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in Riau Province, Sumatra

Applications of resilience theory in management of a moose&#8211;hunter system in Alaska

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Applications of resilience theory in management of a moose–hunter system in Alaska