Persistent Environmental Contamination with USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Other Pathogenic Strain Types in Households with S. aureus Skin Infections

Eells, Samantha J.; David, Michael Z.; Taylor, Alexis; Ortiz, Nancy; Kumar, Neha; Sieth, Julia; Boyle-Vavra, Susan; Daum, Robert S.; Miller, Loren G.

doi:10.1086/651678

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These epidemic strains also are capable of prolonged survival in households. USA300 infection was found in 63% of households at three months where there was an antecedent infection [58]. In a longitudinal study, Miller et al confirmed these earlier studies showing that patients with a S. aureus skin infection were more likely to have a recurrent infection within 6 months in households with environmental MRSA contamination.…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies have highlighted the household’s role as the primary reservoir for S. aureus in the community [24, 25, 41, 43–58]. The events that follow a CA-MRSA infection in a household include an increase in: (i) the risk of infections among other household members [26, 44, 45, 48–51]; (ii) MRSA colonization among other household members [46, 47, 52–57, 59]; and (iii) contamination of environmental surfaces [24, 25, 58].…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The events that follow a CA-MRSA infection in a household include an increase in: (i) the risk of infections among other household members [26, 44, 45, 48–51]; (ii) MRSA colonization among other household members [46, 47, 52–57, 59]; and (iii) contamination of environmental surfaces [24, 25, 58]. These reports have described epidemic clones that ‘ping pong’ among family members [26, 51], resulting in high rates of recurrent infection.…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, environmental contamination has been recognized as a potential mediator of S. aureus transmission and possible reinfection within the household [24, 25, 43, 58, 80, 84]. The role of the environment in S. aureus infections has been previously explored in the healthcare setting [85, 86] and in certain community settings, such as among injection drug users [87].…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a growing number of household-based studies have supplemented epidemiological data with molecular typing, further clarification of the role of clonal lineages will be established. Finally, environmental contamination appears to play an important role in the persistence of particular strains in the home and may also increase the risk of recurrent infections [24, 25, 58]. At present, few intervention studies have assessed the prevalence and significance of this important issue.…”

Section: Interventions To Reduce the Incidence Of S Aureus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Knox¹,

Uhlemann²,

Lowy³

2015

Trends in Microbiology

120

103

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Staphylococcus aureus , both methicillin susceptible and resistant, are now major community-based pathogens worldwide. The basis for this is multifactorial and includes the emergence of epidemic clones with enhanced virulence, antibiotic resistance, colonization potential, or transmissibility. Household reservoirs of these unique strains are crucial to their success as community-based pathogens. Staphylococci become resident in households, either as colonizers or environmental contaminants, increasing the risk for recurrent infections. Interactions of household members with others in different households or at community sites including schools and daycare facilities play a critical role in the ability of these strains to become endemic. Colonization density at these sites appears to play an important role in facilitating transmission. The integration of research tools including whole genome sequencing, mathematical modeling and social network analysis have provided additional insight into the transmission dynamics of these strains. Thus far, interventions designed to reduce recurrent infections among household members have had limited success, likely due to the multiplicity of potential sources for recolonization. The development of better strategies to reduce the number of household-based infections will depend on greater insight into the different factors that contribute to the success of these uniquely successful epidemic clones of S. aureus.

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Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Disease Within The Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventions To Reduce the Incidence Of S Aureus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Knox¹,

Uhlemann²,

Lowy³

2015

Trends in Microbiology

120

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Association of Environmental Contamination in the Home With the Risk for Recurrent Community-Associated, Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusInfection

et al. 2016

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Detection of viruses using discarded plants from wild mountain gorillas and golden monkeys

Evans

Gilardi

Barry

et al. 2016

American J Primatol

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Infectious diseases pose one of the most significant threats to the survival of great apes in the wild. The critically endangered mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) is at high risk for contracting human pathogens because approximately 60% of the population is habituated to humans to support a thriving ecotourism program. Disease surveillance for human and non-human primate pathogens is important for population health and management of protected primate species. Here, we evaluate discarded plants from mountain gorillas and sympatric golden monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis kandti), as a novel biological sample to detect viruses that are shed orally. Discarded plant samples were tested for the presence of mammalian-specific genetic material and two ubiquitous DNA and RNA primate viruses, herpesviruses, and simian foamy virus. We collected discarded plant samples from 383 wild human-habituated mountain gorillas and from 18 habituated golden monkeys. Mammalian-specific genetic material was recovered from all plant species and portions of plant bitten or chewed by gorillas and golden monkeys. Gorilla herpesviral DNA was most consistently recovered from plants in which leafy portions were eaten by gorillas. Simian foamy virus nucleic acid was recovered from plants discarded by golden monkeys, indicating that it is also possible to detect RNA viruses from bitten or chewed plants. Our findings show that discarded plants are a useful non-invasive sampling method for detection of viruses that are shed orally in mountain gorillas, sympatric golden monkeys, and potentially other species. This method of collecting specimens from discarded plants is a new non-invasive sampling protocol that can be combined with collection of feces and urine to evaluate the most common routes of viral shedding in wild primates. Am. J. Primatol. 78:1222-1234, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Persistent Environmental Contamination with USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Other Pathogenic Strain Types in Households with S. aureus Skin Infections

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Staphylococcus aureus infections: transmission within households and the community

Association of Environmental Contamination in the Home With the Risk for Recurrent Community-Associated, Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusInfection

Detection of viruses using discarded plants from wild mountain gorillas and golden monkeys

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