Persistent incisional pain at 1 year after craniotomy: a retrospective observational study

Abstract

Background There have been few reports on persistent incisional pain at 1 year after craniotomy. Hence, this study aimed to explore the distribution of pain at 1 year after elective craniotomy and its related factors. Methods This retrospective study included data prospectively collected to assess postoperative functional disability. We included patients aged > 55 years at the time of recruitment for our initial study and who had complete data regarding the pain numeric rating scale (NRS) score at 1 year post craniotomy. The primary outcome was the pain NRS score, which was assessed at the postanesthetic clinic as well as at 3 months and 1 year after craniotomy. Multivariable negative binomial regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the pain NRS score at 1 postoperative year and 12 clinically meaningful covariates. These included the Short Form-8 scores for bodily pain and mental health, with higher scores indicating better health. Results We analyzed data from 102 patients. The mean (95% confidence interval) pain NRS scores at the three measurement points were 2.8 (2.3–3.3), 1.2 (0.8–1.6), and 0.6 (0.3–0.8), respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative bodily pain (risk ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.88–0.98) and the pain NRS score at the postanesthetic clinic (risk ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.52) were associated with the risk of persistent pain at 1 postoperative year. Conclusions The pain score at 1 year after elective craniotomy was minor; however, preoperative bodily pain and postoperative pain scores were significantly related factors.

Post Operative Management in Intensive Care of Obstructive Jaundice caused by Choledocholithiasis: A Case Report

“…Treatment in the Intensive care unit may be required for surgical patients who require mechanical ventilation or close and invasive post-operative monitoring. 7,11 While most patients admitted to the intensive care unit usually require closed cardiorespiratory and metabolic monitoring, mechanical ventilation is still required in most postoperative patients. In addition, patients need more specialized management to monitor patients on the first postoperative day, most often the possibility of complications such as infection.…”