Persistent Lack of Female Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellows

Lavorgna, Tessa R.; Gupta, Sanchita; Maginnis, Connor; Saraf, Shreya M.; Stamm, Michaela A.; Wong, Stephanie E.; Mulcahey, Mary K.

doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2023.02.016

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This was the fourth lowest proportion ahead of only total joints at 3.4% (n = 20), spine at 4.3% (n = 22), and general orthopedic surgery at 6.5% (n = 27) (Table IV). Data from the Lavorgna et al 28 study on the 2021-2022 academic year demonstrate 14.0% (n = 521) of faculty for orthopedic sports medicine fellowship programs are female compared with 86.0% (n = 3,214) male (p < 0.001). Most recent data published in 2022 by the AMA 13 demonstrated active orthopedic sports medicine physician self-identified gender, race, and ethnicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One additional study by Kocjan et al 27 used American Orthopaedic Society of Sports Medicine (AOSSM) completion data to extract the demographics of orthopedic sports medicine fellowship graduates from 2016 to 2021 and found that females comprised 11% (n = 141) of the graduates. Most recent data collected by Lavorgna et al 28 from the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA) fellowship directory states gender of orthopedic sports medicine fellows in the 2021-2022 academic year included 14.4% (n = 19) females. When comparing this academic year with the previous 5 years (2017-2021), there was no difference in the ratio of females to males (p = 0.74) (Table III).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity Within the Field of Orthopedic Sports Medicine

Leal,

Clifford,

Anastasio

et al. 2023

JBJS Reviews

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Background: Orthopedic surgery is among the least diverse specialties in medicine. This systematic review analyzes gender, racial, and ethnic diversity within orthopedic sports medicine and aims to raise awareness and provide guidance for future strategies that support underrepresented minorities in medicine (URMs) and women in joining the orthopedic sports medicine workforce. We hypothesize that at all tiers of training, there is a lack of gender, racial, and ethnic parity in academic rank, leadership positions, and research productivity. Methods: A search of all published literature in the English language from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases, between January 1, 2010, and August 18, 2023, was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Included studies presented demographics regarding diversity within orthopedic sports medicine and provided trends in applicants, attendings, leadership, and/or research. Bias was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) study checklist. Results: Thirteen studies published between 2016 and 2023 with STROBE scores 15.5 to 21.5 (70.5% to 97.7%) met criteria, and pertinent data were extracted. The percent of female orthopedic sports medicine surgeons from 2010 to 2019 increased from 5% (n = 138) to 6% (n = 206) with a compound annual growth rate of 0.2% (r2 = 0.97; p < 0.001). Females and URMs are underrepresented at the highest levels of orthopedic sports medicine leadership including department chair (female: 0% [n = 0]), division chief (female: 4% [n = 4]; URM: 3% [n = 3]), and fellowship director (female: 3.3% [n = 3]; URM: 4.4% [n = 4]). Studies from prominent orthopedic sports medicine journals (American Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, and Sports Health) show a 12.1% increase in female involvement in orthopedic sports medicine research from 1972 to 2018; however, this increase captures 59.3% (n = 2,953) females with degrees other than an MD. Conclusions: Although increasingly more females and underrepresented minorities are joining orthopedic sports medicine, the rate of diversification remains slow and current involvement in leadership and research is minimal. Targeted efforts aimed at increasing research opportunities and inspiring interest through mentorship for URMs and females in orthopedics is essential to drive change toward parity. Level of Evidence: Level IV. Systematic Review. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity Within the Field of Orthopedic Sports Medicine

Leal,

Clifford,

Anastasio

et al. 2023

JBJS Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“… 10 - 12 As suggested in a similar study by Lavorgna et al, the low sex diversity in these subspecialties can likely be due to the persistent and notable sex disparity in orthopaedic surgery resident programs. 13 Few women residents lead to few women fellows which leads to few women attending surgeons and faculty; however, the consistent sex inconsistency between subspecialties is difficult to explicate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in Orthopaedics: 10-Year Trends of Fellowship Match Rate and Subspecialty

Naclerio,

Sekar,

Ghattas

et al. 2024

JAAOS Glob Res Rev

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Background: Orthopaedic surgery has consistently remained one of the least diverse specialties in medicine. There are limited data on the match rate by sex into orthopaedic fellowships. Purpose: The goals of this study were to determine (1) how the percentage of women applying to orthopaedic fellowships has changed from 2011 to 2021, (2) whether there was a correlation between sex and the likelihood of a successful fellowship match, and (3) which subspecialties tend to have a greater proportion of female applicants and fellows. Methods: The San Francisco (SF) Match service was used to obtain US orthopaedic fellowship applicant data from 2010 to 2021. San Francisco Match has run the match for the orthopaedic fellowship match since 2010. International medical graduates' applications, incomplete applications, or withdrawn applications were excluded. The following variables were collected and assessed: sex, subspecialty choice (except for hand because they do not use SF Match services), and match outcome. The number of female applicants and matches was recorded by year and compared with the number of male applicants and matches. Chi-square analysis was used to analyze categorical variables. Results: A total of 6969 applicants to all orthopaedic specialties within SF Match were included during the study period. Overall, 859 were female (12.3%), and 6110 were male (87.7%). The number of female applicants had an increasing trend over the 10-year period from 65 applicants in 2011 to 111 in 2021. The overall proportion of female applicants was between 10.1% and 14.4%. The annual match rate for female applicants was 90.7% to 100% during the study period while the match rate for male applicants was 93.7% to 97.3%. Regarding successful matches, pediatrics had the highest proportion of women (range: 30.2% to 46.2%), followed by foot and ankle (range: 9.8% to 26.4%). Spine (range: 3.2 to 10.9%) and adult reconstruction (range: 3.9% to 9%) had the least number of women among matched applicants. Discussion: This study found that the number of female applicants to orthopaedic fellowships has increased over the past 10 years. The difference in fellowship match rates among male versus female applicants did not statistically differ during this 10-year period; however, the proportion of female fellows is not equally distributed among subspecialties, with a higher proportion of women matching into pediatrics and foot and ankle and lower proportion in reconstruction and spine. These data can provide a benchmark for department chairs and society leadership to ensure they are recruiting, interviewing, and selecting candidates who are representative of the current sex demographics of orthopaedic fellowship graduates.

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Diversity in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Starts With Individual Kindness, Grace, and Compassion

Brand,

Rossi

2023

Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery

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Persistent Lack of Female Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellows

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Diversity Within the Field of Orthopedic Sports Medicine

Diversity Within the Field of Orthopedic Sports Medicine

Women in Orthopaedics: 10-Year Trends of Fellowship Match Rate and Subspecialty

Diversity in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Starts With Individual Kindness, Grace, and Compassion

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