Persistent left superior vena cava: Case reports and clinical implications

Arrhythmias in Adult Patients With Congenital Heart Disease

“…Implantation is still possible through a left superior vena cava, although making the necessary turn across the tricuspid valve from the coronary sinus is difficult and may require use of a long sheath or a large right atrial loop to direct the tip toward the ventricle. 103 If pacing within the coronary sinus is needed for cardiac resynchronization or any other purpose, anomalies of the coronary sinus need to be considered, including ostial atresia, 104 unroofed coronary sinus, and extreme dilation due to persistent left superior vena cava.…”

Study of the Association Between an Anomalous Superior Vena Cava and Horseshoe Kidney

“…10 A bridging brachiocephalic vein is observed in approximately 30% of double SVC cases. 22 Central venous catheter (CVC) misplacement in cases of persistent left SVC increases the occurrence of mechanical and thrombotic complications. 11,22,23 CVC placement or access through the persistent left SVC may pose several serious problems, such as hypotension, angina, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest.…”

The Role of Superior Vena Cava Isolation in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation

“…[31][32][33][34] PLSVCs are arrhythmogenic, secondary to multiple electrical communications with the atria that can generate rapid repetitive discharges that may trigger or perpetuate AF. 35 Ablation of the triggers in one case resulted in freedom from AF for 12 months. 33 Complications to be wary of include left phrenic injury, SVC stenosis, and/or damage to the left circumflex artery.…”