Persistent stapedial artery in PHACE syndrome

Phace Syndrome in Children: Two Case Reports

“…The treatment duration will depend on the progression of each IH. In the case of cerebral vascular disease, neurosurgical treatments should be appropriate [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Incidental Finding of a Persistent Stapedial Artery in a Patient Presenting With Conductive Hearing Loss

“…4 In these patients, the MMA typically arises from the stapedial artery, leading to involution of the foramen spinosum. 3 The ICA also typically takes an aberrant course as a collateral to supply the MMA. 1,7 The diagnosis of a PSA is typically made by CT scan, which shows absence of the ipsilateral foramen spinosum and a widened fallopian canal.…”

“…The artery ultimately gives rise to the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and enters the intracranial cavity via the foramen spinosum. 3 During the 10th week of development, the stapedial artery usually degenerates, leaving an opening underneath the arch of the stapes called the stapedial foramen. 4,5 In 0.02% to 0.05% of the population, the stapedial artery fails to degenerate, leading to a PSA.…”

“…1,2 The stapedial artery arises during the fourth or fifth week of embryonic development from the hyoid artery and usually degenerates several weeks later. 1,3 The artery transiently exists in the middle ear where it penetrates the ring of the mesenchymal stapes and enters the fallopian canal. The artery ultimately gives rise to the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and enters the intracranial cavity via the foramen spinosum.…”

“…4 In these patients, the MMA typically arises from the stapedial artery, leading to involution of the foramen spinosum. 3 The ICA also typically takes an aberrant course as a collateral to supply the MMA. 1,7…”