Persistent tachypnea of infancy: Follow up at school age

Abstract

Background: Persistent tachypnea of infancy (PTI) is a rare pediatric lung disease of unknown origin. The diagnosis can be made by clinical presentation and chest high resolution computed tomography after exclusion of other causes. Clinical courses beyond infancy have rarely been assessed. Methods: Patients included in the Kids Lung Register diagnosed with PTI as infants and now older than 5 years were identified. Initial presentation, extrapulmonary comorbidities, spirometry and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: Thirty-five children older than 5 years with PTI diagnosed as infants were analyzed. At the age of 5 years, 74% of the patients were reported as asymptomatic and did not develope new symptoms during the observational period at school-age (mean, 3.9 years; range, 0.3-6.3). At the age of about 10 years, none of the symptomatic children had abnormal oxygen saturation during sleep or exercise anymore.

Clinical, functional, and computed tomography findings in a cohort of patients with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy

“…At present, there is limited information about the evolution of lung function during the following years 3,14 . Recently Seidl et al reported normal spirometry in children with NEHI between 5 and 10 years old 13 . It is possible that lung function improves over longer periods of time, although more sensitive techniques such as multiple breath wash out, may demonstrate pulmonary function abnormalities.…”

“…Patients usually present with frequent respiratory exacerbations, poor weight gain, sleep‐related breathing disorders and the need for supplemental oxygen therapy 10–12 . Although clinical course is generally favorable, the long‐term outcome has not yet been fully established 7,13 . To date, there are no reports available about this entity in our country.…”

“…[10][11][12] Although clinical course is generally favorable, the long-term outcome has not yet been fully established. 7,13 To date, there are no reports available about this entity in our country. This study aims to describe the presentation, clinical course, infant pulmonary function tests (iPFT).…”

The improved clinical course of persistent tachypnea of infancy with inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids

“…of PTI children at school age used ICS. 15 However, to date, no highquality studies to assess the effectiveness of any kind of treatment in children with PTI have been conducted.…”

“…5,14 The clinical course of PTI is mostly mild or moderate, and affected children gradually improve during childhood. 15 However, some patients require oxygen supplementation for a longer time 11,16 and sometimes symptoms may persist until adulthood. 16,17 Data on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in children with PTI are sparse.…”