Personal care product use and urinary levels of phthalate metabolites in Mexican women

Romero-Franco, Michelle; Hernández-Ramírez, Raúl Ulises; Calafat, Antònia M.; Cebrián, Mariano E.; Needham, Larry L.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Wolff, Mary S.; López‐Carrillo, Lizbeth

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2011.02.014

Cited by 149 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Interestingly, we observed that shampoo and conditioner use were associated with lower MEP concentrations, which persisted in the multivariate models. This is contrary what we expected and to results observed among Mexican women where higher urinary MEP concentrations were observed among shampoo users (Romero-Franco et al, 2011), yet similar to the trend observed in a population of pregnant women in Puerto Rico (Cantonwine et al, 2014), although differences in metabolism of phthalates during pregnancy may limit comparisons to this population. Other population studies have demonstrated links between urinary MEP and perfume/cologne use (Lewis et al, 2013;Cantonwine et al, 2014) and the use of colored cosmetics (Cantonwine et al, 2014), yet we observed no trends within this population of custodians.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Characterization of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Among Custodians

Cavallari

Simcox

Wakai³

et al. 2015

ANNHYG

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Phthalates, a ubiquitous class of chemicals found in consumer, personal care, and cleaning products, have been linked to adverse health effects. Our goal was to characterize urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and to identify work and nonwork sources among custodians using traditional cleaning chemicals and 'green' or environmentally preferable products (EPP). Sixty-eight custodians provided four urine samples on a workday (first void, before shift, end of shift, and before bedtime) and trained observers recorded cleaning tasks and types of products used (traditional, EPP, or disinfectant) hourly over the work shifts. Questionnaires were used to assess personal care product use. Four different phthalate metabolites [monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monomethyl phthalate (MMP), mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP)] were quantified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Geometric means (GM) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for creatinine-adjusted urinary phthalate concentrations. Mixed effects univariate and multivariate modeling, using a random intercept for each individual, was performed to identify predictors of phthalate metabolites including demographics, workplace factors, and personal care product use. Creatinine-adjusted urinary concentrations [GM (95% CI)] of MEP, MMP, MEHP, and MBzP were 107 (91.0-126), 2.69 (2.18-3.30), 6.93 (6.00-7.99), 8.79 (7.84-9.86) µg g −1 , respectively. An increasing trend in phthalate concentrations from before to after shift was not observed. Creatinine-adjusted urinary MEP was significantly associated with frequency of traditional cleaning chemical intensity in the multivariate model after adjusting for potential confounding by demographics, workplace factors, and personal care product use. While numerous demographics, workplace factors, and personal care products were statistically significant univariate predictors of MMP, MEHP, and MBzP, few associations persisted in multivariate models. In summary, among this population of custodians, we identified both occupational and nonoccupational predictors of phthalate exposures. Identification of phthalates as ingredients in cleaning chemicals and consumer products would allow workers and consumers to avoid phthalate exposure.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Characterization of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Among Custodians

Cavallari

Simcox

Wakai³

et al. 2015

ANNHYG

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“…Inhaling DEHP aerosols in combination with allergens may lead to allergic lung inflammation and increased allergic sensitization in laboratory animals [40] and may be associated with asthma and allergies in children [41]. Several researchers claim that skin contact with matrices contaminated with a wide variety of phthalates might increase possible dermal absorption [42]. Table 2 List of the PAEs and abbreviations, the deuterated internal (underlined) and surrogate (italic) standards employed, the quantification and confirmation ions for SIM GC/MS mode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of selected phthalates by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in mural paintings from Palermo (Italy)

Orecchio

Indelicato

Barreca

2014

Microchemical Journal

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Phthalate esters for decades, and probably even now, were used as softeners in water-based paintings. In general, these compounds are dangerous owing to their carcinogenicity and reproductive effects. Phthalates are not chemically but only physically bound to the matrices, hence, they may be leached into the environment and are ubiquitously found in environmental matrices. Considering that, construction is one of most important fields in Europe, and probably worldwide, with respect to its economic, technological and environmental impact. In the present work the phthalate esters content of several mural paintings was evaluated by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Because, this issue is especially important to ensure proper security measurements during processes that could involve particulate inhalation, the total concentrations of 15 compounds in the analyzed mural paintings, ranged from 0.8 to 236 mg/Kg d.w. with an average of 39.4 mg/Kg d.w. The highest concentration was found in a mural painting sampled in an apartment built about 50 years ago, though, building age was not significantly correlated with the levels of total and single PAEs. Among the monitored phthalates, only four (bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, Di-n-butyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate) were detected in appreciable quantities. Benzyl butyl phthalate was relevant only for one sample and, at trace levels, only for two samples. In all tested mural paintings, except two samples, predominates the bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) (from 30 to 100% of total). In general, occasionally, dinonyl phthalate (DNP) was used as an alternative to DEHP, however, in our case, its occurrence was not found. Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) was detected in seven samples and ranged from 0.17 to 13.2 mg/Kg d.w.

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“…It has been recorded that the indoor phthalates mainly accumulated in gaseous form in the air household, in which more plastic toys and furnishings were displayed; DEHP posed the greatest health risk to children aged 1∼2, and the carcinogenic risk of DEHP was evaluated to be 39 times higher than the limit set by the USEPA (Pei et al 2013). The use of personal care products and diet increase the danger of exposed to PAEs (Romero-Franco et al 2011). In consideration of the special conditions for production in greenhouses, higher temperature and higher moisture, the volatilization of PAE pollutants and the afterwards PAEs inhalation could cause more and more serious health risk, especially for DEHP.…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysis and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalate esters contamination in soils and vegetables of plastic film greenhouses of suburb Nanjing, China and the potential human health risk

Ting

Chen

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The contamination of phthalate esters (PAEs) has become a potential threat to the environment and human health because they could be easily released as plasticizers from the daily supply products, especially in polyethylene films. Concentration levels of total six PAEs, nominated as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), were investigated in soils and vegetables from four greenhouse areas in suburbs of Nanjing, East China. Total PAEs concentration ranged from 930±840 to 2 450±710 μg kg −1 (dry weight (DW)) in soil and from 790 ± 630 to 3 010 ± 2 130 μg kg −1 in vegetables. Higher concentrations of PAEs were found in soils except in Suo Shi (SS) area and in vegetables, especially in potherb mustard and purple tsai-tai samples. Risk assessment mainly based on the exposures of soil ingestion and daily vegetable intake indicated that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the samples from Gu Li (GL) and Hu Shu (HS) exhibited the highest hazard to children less than 6-year old. Therefore, the human health risk of the PAEs contamination in soils and vegetables should greatly be of a concern, especially for their environmental estrogen analog effects.

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Personal care product use and urinary levels of phthalate metabolites in Mexican women

Cited by 149 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Among Custodians

Characterization of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Among Custodians

Determination of selected phthalates by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in mural paintings from Palermo (Italy)

Phthalate esters contamination in soils and vegetables of plastic film greenhouses of suburb Nanjing, China and the potential human health risk

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