Environment and Culture 1980
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0451-5_5
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Personal Space, Crowding, and Spatial Behavior in a Cultural Context

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Cited by 41 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…Subsequent research studies have supported Hall's [14] qualitative observations that Latin Americans prefer closer social interaction distances than individuals from North America or Northern Europe (e.g., [13,[16][17][18]). Further, Freedman [19] claimed that " [w]hites in the United States, Canada and England stand far apart, Europeans stand somewhat closer and South Americans stand closer still" (p. 72).…”
Section: Physical Contact In Latin Contextsmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Subsequent research studies have supported Hall's [14] qualitative observations that Latin Americans prefer closer social interaction distances than individuals from North America or Northern Europe (e.g., [13,[16][17][18]). Further, Freedman [19] claimed that " [w]hites in the United States, Canada and England stand far apart, Europeans stand somewhat closer and South Americans stand closer still" (p. 72).…”
Section: Physical Contact In Latin Contextsmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…4). Other researchers have observed that women tend to feel more territorial about their residences than men, however (Van der Ryn and Silverstein 1972: 375;Aiello and Thompson 1980;Goves and Hughes 1983).…”
Section: Sexmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Environmental psychology is the scientific study of the dynamic relationship between human behavior and the physical environment, with an emphasis on psychological variables. Environmental psychologists see territoriality-the proc~ss of claiming and marking a particular space for a given amount of time....:....as a basic human behavior (Hall 1959;Altman 1975;Proshansky, Ittelson, and Rivlin 1976 Aiello and Thompson 1980;Rapoport 1980;Gauvain, Altman, and Fahim 1983).…”
Section: A Model For Human-materials Behaviormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Social and consultative spaces are spaces in which people feel comfortable conducting routine social interactions with acquaintances as well as strangers, whereas public space is defined as the distance beyond, in which people perceive interactions as impersonal and relatively anonymous. However, this typology is a rather static approach to interpersonal distance, and it might be more useful to conceptualise Hall's spaces as a continuum, as proposed by several authors (e.g., Aiello, Thompson 1980). Studies in environmental psychology suggest some interesting physical determinants of interpersonal spacing.…”
Section: Caves and Bodiesmentioning
confidence: 99%