Personality and Coping in Young Inmates: A Cluster Typology

Abstract

Objective: Firstly, to identify groups of inmates according to personality. Secondly, to differentiate types of personality through coping strategies, psychopathology, criminal records and social factors. Method: A cross-sectional design was used to study psychosocial, correctional, personality and clinical characteristics in inmates. The group was composed of 106 male inmates. The measures used to evaluate personality, clinical and psychosocial variables were a standard protocol and three self-report questionnaires: the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and the Coping Responses Inventory-Adult Form. A cluster analysis, ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis test were conducted. Results: Four clusters were identified. The secondary type was characterized by an impulsive, suspicious, hostile personality, by anxiety, a low tolerance of frustration, and by the use of cognitive avoidance coping. The controlled-healthy type showed a less pathological and more self-controlled personality. The primarytype was similar to secondary, but with lower tendency to impulsivity. The inhibited-affected type was shown to have an avoidant personality, greater tendency to symptomatology and also to use acceptance-resignation and emotional discharge coping. Conclusion: The four groups of young inmates identified showed profiles with different degrees of psychopathological risk and also different coping profiles.

Validating the proposed ICD‐11 domains

“…It is possible that forensic populations may demonstrate greater distinction between the domain groups. This has been noted in other studies (Blackburn & Coid, ; Mohino, Kirchner, & Forns, ). We are currently attempting to replicate our analysis in a forensic sample.…”

Alcoholics Anonymous and Reduced Impulsivity: A Novel Mechanism of Change

“…In addition, there are well-established links between impulsivity and poor functioning on a number of domains associated with alcohol misuse. For example, higher impulsivity predicts more legal problems [12]-e.g., more incidents of driving while intoxicated (DWI) [13], more avoidance coping-e.g., emotional discharge coping [14], and lower quality of social support [15, 16]. …”

Alcoholics Anonymous attendance, decreases in impulsivity and drinking and psychosocial outcomes over 16 years: moderated‐mediation from a developmental perspective

“…Impulsivity is higher among individuals with AUDs than those without AUDs 19–21 and has consistently been found to predate the onset of alcohol-related problems 22–26 . In addition, higher impulsivity is associated with lower alcohol-related self-efficacy 4 , greater use of avoidant coping 27 (particularly emotional discharge coping) 28,29 , and poorer quality of social relationships 30,31 .…”