Personality and Genetics

Serretti, Alessandro; Calati, Raffaella; Ferrari, Barbara; Ronchi, Diana De

doi:10.2174/157340007780599087

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Additional research suggests that cortisol and progesterone levels may be associated with other aspects of personality (e.g., cortisol and neuroticism, Portella, Harmer, Flint, Cowen, & Goodwin, 2005; progesterone and affiliation, Schultheiss, Wirth, & Stanton, 2004), although the findings from these literatures are somewhat mixed (e.g., Roy, 1996). If future research continues to incorporate hormones and other biological measures (e.g., gene polymorphisms, Serretti, Calati, Ferrari, & De Ronchi, 2007; neural activity, Canli, 2006) in the study of personality, then personality psychology will, one hopes, become a richer science, a science that extends beyond traditional personality measures and that brings a greater understanding of the biological processes that regulate personality and social behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social endocrinology of dominance: Basal testosterone predicts cortisol changes and behavior following victory and defeat.

Mehta

Jones

Josephs

2008

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

254

197

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Past research suggests that individuals high in basal testosterone are motivated to gain high status. The present research extends previous work by examining endocrinological and behavioral consequences of high and low status as a function of basal testosterone. The outcome of a competition--victory versus defeat--was used as a marker of status. In Study 1, high testosterone men who lost in a dog agility competition rose in cortisol, whereas high testosterone men who won dropped in cortisol. Low testosterone men's cortisol changes did not depend on whether they had won or lost. Study 2 replicated this pattern of cortisol changes in women who participated in an experimental laboratory competition, and Study 2 extended the cortisol findings to behavior. Specifically, high testosterone winners chose to repeat the competitive task, whereas high testosterone losers chose to avoid it. In contrast, low testosterone winners and losers did not differ in their task preferences. These results provide novel evidence in humans that basal testosterone predicts cortisol reactivity and behavior following changes in social status. Implications for the social endocrinology of dominance are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social endocrinology of dominance: Basal testosterone predicts cortisol changes and behavior following victory and defeat.

Mehta

Jones

Josephs

2008

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

254

197

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“…Temperament traits, which are predominantly stable throughout life and not markedly influenced by the environment, are the most heritable component of personality and have been associated with neurotransmitter systems [2,7] . Several studies have been performed with the aim of detecting gene variants associated with specific temperament traits, but results have been conflicting [8][9][10][11] . The relationship between the dopaminergic system and temperament traits has been proposed and thoroughly studied through gene variants in the dopamine receptors [9,10,12,13] ; never-theless, results have not always been reproducible [14,15] and other genes in the dopaminergic system should be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine Hydroxylase and DOPA Decarboxylase Gene Variants in Personality Traits

et al. 2009

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Personality influences several characteristics of normal and pathologic behaviors and it is associated with neurotransmitter systems that are under genetic control. The dopaminergic system has been proposed to play a role in the modulation of personality traits. In the present study, variants of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) genes (for TH: rs3842727, rs6356; for DDC: rs1451371, rs1470750, rs998850) were investigated in 111 suicide attempters and 289 healthy subjects to assess the involvement of the dopaminergic synthesis pathway in personality traits. No strong evidence was found for the associations between personality and TH or DDC in overall tests. An interaction effect of genotype and diagnosis was present, with TH and DDC SNPs having a greater effect on the respective personality dimensions in the group of suicide attempters. Because of the risk of false positives, these findings should be interpreted with highest caution. Direct replication attempts within independent groups of suicide attempters will help to resolve this question.

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“…Accordingly, we focused on the genetic modulation of temperamental traits in suicide. Considering that genetic variants of the serotonin system alone could not completely explain the genetic loading of temperament and character traits [13,15] , and that other systems still need evaluation, we focused on 4 genes previously investigated in the same sample in relation to both suicide and anger/aggression traits [16][17][18] : the nitric oxide synthase 1 and 3 genes ( NOS1 and NOS3 ), the neuronal cell adhesion molecule 1 gene ( NCAM1 ), and the tachykinin receptor 1 gene (TACR1 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

NCAM1, TACR1 and NOS Genes and Temperament: A Study on Suicide Attempters and Controls

et al. 2011

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Suicide, one of the leading causes of death among young adults, seems to be plausibly modulated by both genetic and personality factors. The aim of this study was to dissect the potential association between genetics and temperament in a sample of 111 suicide attempters and 289 healthy controls. We focused on 4 genes previously investigated in association with suicide on the same sample: the nitric oxide synthase 1 and 3 (NOS1 and NOS3), the neuronal cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), and the tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1) genes. In particular, we investigated whether a set of genetic variants in these genes (NOS1: rs2682826, rs1353939, rs693534; NOS3: rs2070744, rs1799983, rs891512; NCAM1: rs2301228, rs1884, rs1245113, rs1369816, rs2196456, rs584427; TACR1: rs3771810, rs3771825, rs726506, rs1477157) were associated with temperamental traits at the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). No strong evidence was found for the association between TCI personality traits and the polymorphisms considered in the 4 genes, with the exception of an association between reward dependence trait and the rs2682826 SNP in NOS1 in the healthy sample. However, this result could be plausibly interpreted as a false-positive finding. In conclusion, our study did not support the thesis of a direct modulation of these genes on temperament; however, further studies on larger samples are clearly required in order to confirm our preliminary findings and to exclude any possible minor influence.

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Personality and Genetics

Cited by 8 publications

References 135 publications

The social endocrinology of dominance: Basal testosterone predicts cortisol changes and behavior following victory and defeat.

The social endocrinology of dominance: Basal testosterone predicts cortisol changes and behavior following victory and defeat.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase and DOPA Decarboxylase Gene Variants in Personality Traits

<i>NCAM1</i>, <i>TACR1</i> and <i>NOS</i> Genes and Temperament: A Study on Suicide Attempters and Controls

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