Personality and Risk‐Taking: Common Bisocial Factors

Zuckerman, Marvin; Kuhlman, D. Michael

doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00124

Cited by 980 publications

(746 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The sensation-seeking scale has shown both good internal and retest reliability, particularly for the total score on form V of the scale (r ¼ 0.94 over 3 weeks) (Zuckerman, 1979). The validity of the scale has been investigated extensively over three decades (Zuckerman and Kuhlman, 2000;Zuckerman, 1990;Gallinat, 1996).…”

Section: Assessment Of Personalty Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Dependent Association of the Functional Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met Genotype with Sensation Seeking Personality Trait

Lang

Bajbouj

Sander

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The gene encoding cathechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) contains a common functional missense polymorphism (Val158Met) that regulates dopamine in an allele-dependent manner. A pivotal role of dopamine neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex has been implicated in drug-seeking behavior and related personality traits, such as sensation seeking, with some evidence for a gender-specific association. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism modulates the personality dimension, sensation seeking, in a gender-dependent manner. Study sample included 214 male (age 38.1712.6 years) and 218 female (age 36.1713.6 years) healthy volunteers, who were assessed with Zuckerman's sensation-seeking scale and genotyped for the Val158Met polymorphism (dbSNP:rs4680). Univariate analysis of variance showed that the sensation seeking score was significantly affected by a COMT genotype Â gender interaction (F ¼ 5.330, df ¼ 2, p ¼ 0.005). The Val158Met polymorphism was associated with the sensation seeking personality trait in women only. The highest scores in the sensation-seeking scale and in three of the four subscales were observed in female subjects with the Val/Val genotype relative to women carrying the Met allele. Our results suggest that high COMT enzyme activity associated with the Val allele predisposes to high sensation seeking scores in female subjects and add to increasing evidence for a gender specific role of COMT in normal and dysfunctional behavior.

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Section: Assessment Of Personalty Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Dependent Association of the Functional Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met Genotype with Sensation Seeking Personality Trait

Lang

Bajbouj

Sander

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Both the noveltyseeking (NS) and the intolerance-to-delay (ID) tasks are probing the central DA pathways. Indeed, mammals are spontaneously motivated to search for and to explore novel stimuli (Zuckerman and Kuhlman, 2000;Bardo et al, 1996), an experience also activating the meso-limbic dopaminergic system (Rebec et al, 1997a,b). Impulsivity paradigm assumes that an instinctive aversion is generated when reward is unexpectedly delayed.…”

Section: Impulsivity and Novelty Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…drug misuse, exaggerate sexual activity, reckless driving, and also PG (Zuckerman and Kuhlman, 2000). Psycho-genetic investigation has shown a substantial genetic influence in these traits, although the interaction with environmental factors shall be considered (Caspi et al, 2003).…”

Section: Impulsivity and Novelty Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensation seeking is a supertrait expressed by some individuals who are often involved in very extreme behaviors and risky activities, such as exaggerate sexual behavior, reckless driving, drug misuse, and pathological gambling (PG) (Zuckerman and Kuhlman 2000). Noteworthy, there is substantial genetic influence in these sensation-seeking traits: for instance, the dopamine (DA) D4 receptor is the prototypic polymorphic gene subserving a background for novelty seeking (Ebstein et al, 1996), drug abuse (Laucht et al, 2005) and vulnerability to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and PG (Comings et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increased impulsive behavior and risk proneness following lentivirus-mediated dopamine transporter over-expression in rats' nucleus accumbens

et al. 2009

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Abstract-Multiple theories have been proposed for sensation seeking and vulnerability to impulse-control disorders [Zuckerman M, Kuhlman DM (2000) Personality and risk-taking: Common biosocial factors. J Pers 68:999 -1029], and many of these rely on a dopamine system deficit. Available animal models reproduce only some behavioral symptoms and seem devoid of construct validity. We used lentivirus tools for over-expressing or silencing the dopamine transporter (DAT) and we evaluated the resulting behavioral profiles in terms of motivation and self-control. Wistar adult rats received stereotaxic inoculation of a lentivirus that allowed localized intra-accumbens delivery of a DAT gene enhancer/ silencer, or the green fluorescent protein, GFP. These animals were studied for intolerance to delay, risk proneness and novelty seeking. As expected, controls shifted their demanding from a large reward toward a small one when the delivery of the former was increasingly delayed (or uncertain). Interestingly, in the absence of general locomotor effects, DAT over-expressing rats showed increased impulsivity (i.e. a more marked shift of demanding from the large/ delayed toward the small/soon reward), and increased risk proneness (i.e. a less marked shift from the large/uncertain toward the small/sure reward), compared with controls. Rats with enhanced or silenced DAT expression did not show any significant preference for a novel environment. In summary, consistent with literature on comorbidity between attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder and pathological gambling, we demonstrate that DAT over-expression in rats' nucleus accumbens leads to impulsive and risk prone phenotype. Thus, a reduced dopaminergic tone following altered accumbal DAT function may subserve a sensation-seeker phenotype and the vulnerability to impulse-control disorders.

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“…Vários estudos enfatizam como relevantes, para a compreensão de comportamentos problema nos indivíduos, os traços da personalidade, a predominância da emocionalidade negativa, a impulsividade e o sensation-seeking (Barnown et al, 2005;Cukrowicz, Taylor, Schatschneider, & Iacono, 2006;Frick, 2004;Frick & Dantagnan, 2005;Hill, 2002;Joyce & Oakland, 2005;Miller & Lynam, 2001;Ruchkin et al, 2001;Singh & Waldman, 2010). A impulsividade refere-se a uma incapacidade de inibição e tendência para envolvimento imediato em situações, sem planeamento ou consideração por implicações potenciais desse envolvimento (Zuckerman & Kuhlman, 2000), ao passo que o sensation seeking envolve a procura de sensações novas, intensas e variadas, suscetibilidade ao aborrecimento e disponibilidade para envolvimento em riscos pessoais, como consequência dessas experiências (Cazenave, Le Scanff, & Woodman, 2007;Gute & Eshbaugh, 2008;Rolison & Scherman, 2002, 2003Zuckerman & Kuhlman, 2000).…”

Section: Comportamentos Problema E Características Da Personalidadeunclassified

Personalidade e comportamentos problema: um estudo comparativo com adolescentes em contexto escolar

Carvalho

Novo

2014

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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ResumoNeste estudo transversal analisámos a relação entre os comportamentos problema ao nível da indisciplina, desrespeito e confl ituosidade dos adolescentes, em contexto escolar, e a personalidade e a psicopatologia, operacionalizadas nas dimensões PSY-5 do MMPI-A. Participaram no estudo 351 estudantes do 9º ao 12º ano, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 18 anos, distribuídos em três grupos diferentes, de acordo com o reporte da frequência de comportamentos problema. Os instrumentos foram a versão experimental portuguesa do MMPI-A e um questionário sobre diferentes dimensões do percurso escolar, em que se incluem os comportamentos problema. Através de análise estatística multivariada, verifi cámos diferenças signifi cativas entre os grupos nas dimensões PSY-5, num padrão em que o grupo de maior frequência de comportamentos problema apresenta resultados superiores no MMPI-A. Os resultados são interpretados numa perspetiva que sublinha a relevância da personalidade na adaptação à vida escolar, bem como a importância da existência de técnicas de avaliação psicológica de forma a detetar, em contexto de normalidade, estudantes em risco de desenvolvimento de trajetórias inadaptativas. Palavras-chave: Personalidade, ajustamento escolar, externalização, MMPI-A. AbstractIn this cross-sectional study we analyzed the relationship between problem behaviors in school context, such as indiscipline, disrespect or confl ictuality, and personality and psychopathology, which were operationalized in the PSY-5 dimensions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--Adolescent (MMPI-A). Participants were 351 students from 9 th to 12 th grades, aged from 14 to 18 years old, and distributed in three different groups, according to their report of problem behavior frequency. Instruments were the Portuguese experimental version of the MMPI-A and a questionnaire on several school dimensions, including problem behaviors. Multivariate statistical analysis of variance indicates signifi cant differences between the groups in PSY-5 dimensions, in a pattern in which the group presenting the highest frequency of problem behaviors has higher results in the MMPI-A. Results are interpreted under a perspective that underlines the importance of personality in the comprehension of adaptation to school, as well as the relevance of psychological assessment techniques that make possible to detect, within normality contexts, students at risk of developing non-adaptive developmental pathways. Keywords: Personality, school adjustment, externalization, MMPI-A.Os padrões de comportamento, particularmente a existência de perturbações, correspondem a um marcador relevante da adaptação à escola e do sucesso académico, pelo que devem ser considerados quando analisamos o percurso escolar (Carvalho & Novo, 2010). Os comportamentos problema dos estudantes podem expressar-se em diversas categorias, como o comportamento antissocial, problemas de conduta e perturbações de oposição ou

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Personality and Risk‐Taking: Common Bisocial Factors

Cited by 980 publications

References 81 publications

Gender-Dependent Association of the Functional Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met Genotype with Sensation Seeking Personality Trait

Gender-Dependent Association of the Functional Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Val158Met Genotype with Sensation Seeking Personality Trait

Increased impulsive behavior and risk proneness following lentivirus-mediated dopamine transporter over-expression in rats' nucleus accumbens

Personalidade e comportamentos problema: um estudo comparativo com adolescentes em contexto escolar

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