Personality Characteristics of Hypnotizability

Hypnotizability and Somatic Complaints:A Gender-Specific Phenomenon

“…There was no evidence that high hypnotizables were more anxious than lows or mediums. Previous studies have also found no association between hypnotizability and general neuroticism (Heilizer, 1960), and some have reported hypnotizability to be associated with greater psychological health (Schulman & London, 1963;Spiegel, Detrick, & Frischholz, 1982;Zlotogorski, Hahnemann, & Wiggs, 1987). The converse hypothesis, that low hypnotizables underreport physical symptoms, is also not supported by the literature (Wickramasekera, 1995).…”

Evidence to correct misperceptions about Rorschach norms.

“…Furthermore, the largest study (Meyer, 1989/1991) accepted anyone who would volunteer to be tested for a full day, including people with active or prior psychiatric conditions and people who had used or were using psychiatric medications, outpatient therapy, or inpatient treatment. Eleven additional samples also did not employ any psychiatric screening criteria (Alexander, 1997/1998; Calkins, 1980/ 1981; Erstad, 1995/1996 [two samples]; Greenwald, 1990; Hayslip, McBride, Lowaman, & Aronson, 1992; Kranau, 1983/1984; Perry & Kinder, 1992; Smith, Hillard, Walsh, Kubacki, & Morgan, 1991; Zacker, 1997; Zlotogorski, Hahnemann, & Wiggs, 1987). At least eight other samples used some screening criterion but nonetheless still would have included people with active or past disorders and/or treatment histories (Caine, Frueh, & Kinder, 1995; DeLucas, 1997; Frueh & Kinder, 1994; Hilsenroth, 1996/1997; Kadle, 1989; Lipkin, 1988/1989; Meisner, 1988; Netter & Viglione, 1994).…”

Evidence to Correct Misperceptions About Rorschach Norms

“…Furthermore, the largest study (Meyer, 1989(Meyer, /1991 accepted anyone who would volunteer to be tested for a full day, including people with active or prior psychiatric conditions and people who had used or were using psychiatric medications, outpatient therapy, or inpatient treatment. Eleven additional samples also did not employ any psychiatric screening criteria (Alexander, 1997(Alexander, /1998Calkins, 1980Calkins, / 1981Erstad, 1995Erstad, /1996 samples]; Greenwald, 1990;Hayslip, McBride, Lowaman, & Aronson, 1992;Kranau, 1983Kranau, /1984Perry & Kinder, 1992;Smith, Hillard, Walsh, Kubacki, & Morgan, 1991;Zacker, 1997;Zlotogorski, Hahnemann, & Wiggs, 1987). At least eight other samples used some screening criterion but nonetheless still would have included people with active or past disorders and/or treatment histories (Caine, Frueh, & Kinder, 1995;DeLucas, 1997;Frueh & Kinder, 1994;Hilsenroth, 1996Hilsenroth, /1997Kadle, 1989;Lipkin, 1988Lipkin, /1989Meisner, 1988;Netter & Viglione, 1994).…”

“…Relatedly, 16 of Wood et al's samples were college students (Alexander, 1997(Alexander, /1998Caine et al, 1995;Calkins, 1980Calkins, /1981Frueh & Kinder, 1994;Greenwald, 1990;Hilsenroth, 1996Hilsenroth, /1997Meisner, 1988;Meyer, 1989Meyer, / 1991Perry & Kinder, 1992;Smith et al, 1991;Zlotogorski et al, 1987) or the elderly (Erstad, 1995(Erstad, /1996Hayslip et al, 1992;Kadle, 1989;Lipkin, 1988Lipkin, /1989Paul, 1987/ treatment even though they do not have a diagnosable disorder. Kessler et al's (1994) figures allow one to estimate the rate of lifetime disorder in different types of samples.…”

“…In turn, the inquiry has an impact on many variables, including W, Dd, color, diffuse shading, achromatic color, texture, and vista, as instances Wood et al combined different samples in the same source (e.g., Alexander, 1997Alexander, /1998Burns, 1993Burns, / 1994Kranau, 1983Kranau, /1984, while in other instances they did not (e.g., Erstad, 1995Erstad, /1996. For some studies they estimated scores from available data (e.g., WSumC in Goldfinger, 1998Goldfinger, /1999Hallett, 1996;Van Horn, 1996;Zlotogorski et al, 1987), while in other studies they did not (e.g., WSumC in Kranau, 1983Kranau, /1984. Wood et al did not estimate Xϩ%, X-%, and Lambda from Ritzler and Nalesnik (1990), even though these subjects had scores that were almost identical to Exner's nonpatients.…”