Personality correlates and antecedents of drinking patterns in adult males.

Jones, Mary C.

doi:10.1037/h0025447

Cited by 308 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For some classes of substances at least, pre-morbid characteristics could thus have a predictive value. For instance, personality traits of alcoholics have been shown to precede the onset of alcohol-related problems (Jones, 1968;Kammeier et al, 1973;Loper et al, 1973;Cloninger, 1987;Caspi et al, 1997). Parental alcohol and tobacco use were shown to be related to higher NS in offspring (Ravaja and Keltikangas-Jarvinen, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Bon

Basiaux

Streel

et al. 2004

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

136

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As personality may predispose, precipitate or perpetuate substance abuse and/or dependence, and as it is considered to remain stable across the years in a given subject, potential links with the drug of choice may help screen future patients before drug consumption. The present study compared three groups: 42 patients with heroin dependence (mean age: 31.2; standard deviation (SD): 5.5; 10 females), 37 patients with alcohol dependence (mean age 44.2; SD: 9.1; 9 females) and 83 subjects from a random population sample (mean age: 38.8; SD: 6.9; 20 females). Personality was measured by Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Pillai's MANCOVA with age as a covariate and gender as a cofactor was highly significant. Univariate ANOVA analyses using TCI dimensions as dependent variable showed most variables to vary in parallel for the two patient groups in comparison with controls. Post-hoc tests showed heroin patients to score higher in Novelty-Seeking and Self-Directedness than alcohol patients. Sub-dimensions Exploratory Excitability, Fear of the Uncertain, Responsibility, Congruent Second Nature and Transpersonal Identification were also significantly different in the two patient samples. Logistic regression showed Exploratory Excitability to segregate up to 76% of heroin patients from alcohol patients. In conclusion, personality profiles were linked to some preferential choice of drug and personality screening might be tested in preventive strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Bon

Basiaux

Streel

et al. 2004

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

136

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show abstract

“…Longitudinal and twin studies [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] have consistently found antisocial behavior or conduct disorder in childhood or late adolescence to predict alcohol dependence in early adulthood. By contrast, antisocial PD did not predict incident alcohol or drug use disorders in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic and psychopathologic predictors of first incidence of DSM-IV substance use, mood and anxiety disorders: results from the Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

et al. 2008

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The objective of this study was to present nationally representative findings on sociodemographic and psychopathologic predictors of first incidence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn (DSM-IV) substance, mood and anxiety disorders using the Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. One-year incidence rates of DSM-IV substance, mood and anxiety disorders were highest for alcohol abuse (1.02), alcohol dependence (1.70), major depressive disorder (MDD; 1.51) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; 1.12). Incidence rates were significantly greater (P < 0.01) among men for substance use disorders and greater among women for mood and anxiety disorders except bipolar disorders and social phobia. Age was inversely related to all disorders. Black individuals were at decreased risk of incident alcohol abuse and Hispanic individuals were at decreased risk of GAD. Anxiety disorders at baseline more often predicted incidence of other anxiety disorders than mood disorders. Reciprocal temporal relationships were found between alcohol abuse and dependence, MDD and GAD, and GAD and panic disorder. Borderline and schizotypal personality disorders predicted most incident disorders. Incidence rates of substance, mood and anxiety disorders were comparable to or greater than rates of lung cancer, stroke and cardiovascular disease. The greater incidence of all disorders in the youngest cohort underscores the need for increased vigilance in identifying and treating these disorders among young adults. Strong common factors and unique factors appear to underlie associations between alcohol abuse and dependence, MDD and GAD, and GAD and panic disorder. The major results of this study are discussed with regard to prevention and treatment implications.

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“…12 The socialization subscale of the CPI was designed to measure a constellation of personality traits that have been found to predict future alcoholism. 13 Only subjects whose scores on these tests showed them to be moderate social drinkers at low risk for alcoholism were included in the experiment. Subjects were required to abstain from food and drink for at least 4 hr prior to the experiment.…”

Section: Speech Production Talkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Alcohol on the Acoustic‐Phonetic Properties of Speech: Perceptual and Acoustic Analyses

Pisoni

Martin

1989

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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This report summarizes the results of a series of studies that examined the effects of alcohol on the acoustic-phonetic properties of speech. Audio recordings were made of male talkers producing lists of sentences under a sober condition and an intoxicated condition. These speech samples were then subjected to perceptual and acoustic analyses. In one perceptual experiment, listeners heard matched pairs of sentences from four talkers and were required to identify the sentence that was produced while the talker was intoxicated. In a second perceptual experiment, Indiana State Troopers and college undergraduates were required to judge whether individual sentences presented in isolation were produced in a sober or an intoxicated condition. The results of the perceptual experiments indicated that groups of listeners can significantly discriminate between speech samples produced under sober and intoxicated conditions. For acoustic analyses, digital signal processing techniques were used to measure acoustic-phonetic changes that took place in speech production when the talker was intoxicated. The results of the acoustical analyses revealed consistent and well-defined changes in speech articulation between sober and intoxicated conditions. Because speech production requires fine motor control and timing of the articulators, it may be possible to use acoustic-phonetic measures as sensitive indices of sensory-motor impairment due to alcohol consumption.Alcohol is generally considered to be a central nervous system depressant. Medium and high blood concentrations of alcohol have been found to impair intellectual functioning, reaction time, coordination, reflexes, and nerve transmission. 1 Alcohol consumption is also thought to produce changes in speech production that are often described as "slurred speech." Changes in speech production after alcohol consumption are often used by law enforcement personnel, bartenders, and others as general indices of motor impairment due to alcohol intoxication. Changes in speech production have also been used as a sign of impairment due to other drugs. Shagass 2 related slurring of speech to the initial threshold of consciousness impairment produced by sodium amythal. Very little research, however, has explored the nature of acoustic-phonetic changes in the speech waveform due to alcohol intoxication. Because speech production requires fine motor control, timing, and coordination of the articulators, it may be possible to use acoustic-phonetic measures as sensitive indices of impairment due to alcohol intoxication.Some research relevant to this problem has been conducted. Several studies have examined the general effects of alcohol on speech production. Moskowitz and Roth 3 examined the effects of alcohol on response latency in a picture-naming task. Thirty pictures of words chosen from a word frequency list were named by 12 subjects while sober and after consuming a beverage designed to achieve a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in the range

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Personality correlates and antecedents of drinking patterns in adult males.

Cited by 308 publications

References 23 publications

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Personality profile and drug of choice; a multivariate analysis using Cloninger’s TCI on heroin addicts, alcoholics, and a random population group

Sociodemographic and psychopathologic predictors of first incidence of DSM-IV substance use, mood and anxiety disorders: results from the Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Effects of Alcohol on the Acoustic‐Phonetic Properties of Speech: Perceptual and Acoustic Analyses

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