Personality correlates of variations in visual and auditory abilities

Coren, Stanley; Harland, Renata E.

doi:10.1016/0191-8869(94)00133-d

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Perhaps due to less attentional resources in the peripheral field, myopia is also associated with defective automatic orienting of attention 10 . Associations between reduced visual acuity as well as refractive errors and personality traits, such as lower extraversion, were previously observed 11 , 12 . Finally, poorer visual acuity is associated with hallucinations 13 and paranoid tendencies 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Refractive error is associated with intracranial volume

Takeuchi

Taki

Nouchi

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Myopia is part of the spectrum of refractive error. Myopia is associated with psychometric intelligence and, the link between brain anatomy and myopia has been hypothesized. Here we aimed to identify the associations between brain structures and refractive error in developed young adults. In a study cohort of 1,319 normal educated young adults, the refractive error showed a significant negative correlation with total intracranial volume and total cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume but not with total gray matter volume (GMV) or total white matter volume (WMV). Time spent studying was associated with refractive error but could not explain the aforementioned associations with brain volume parameters. The R2 values of the simple regression between spherical equivalent and outcome variables for each sex in non-whole brain imaging analyses were less than 0.05 in all cases and thus were weak. Psychometric intelligence was not associated with refractive error or total CSF volume, but it weakly positively correlated with total GMV and total WMV in this study population. Thus, refractive error appears to be primarily (weakly) associated with the volume of the cranium, whereas psychometric intelligence was associated with the volume of the brain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Refractive error is associated with intracranial volume

Takeuchi

Taki

Nouchi

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Although there have not been reports of different personality dimensions for visually impaired persons, higher levels of anxiety have been noted (Donoyama and Takeda, 2007 ; Donoyama and Munakata, 2009 ), and this has been shown to influence the expression and character of one's personality. Thus, although visual impairment does not influence personality per se , it can affect the expression and perception of personality linked behaviors (Zahran, 1965 ; Coren and Harland, 1995 ; Reid, 2000 ), and provides an important method for examining whether visual experience rather than innate mechanisms shape social and spatial behavior. Further, sensory abilities influence social interactions—standard social interaction is multisensory, though often driven by visual experiences such as facial, emotional, and body expressions.…”

Section: Ego: Defining the Self And Its Place In Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Where am I? Who am I? The Relation Between Spatial Cognition, Social Cognition and Individual Differences in the Built Environment

Proulx

Todorov²,

Aiken

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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Knowing who we are, and where we are, are two fundamental aspects of our physical and mental experience. Although the domains of spatial and social cognition are often studied independently, a few recent areas of scholarship have explored the interactions of place and self. This fits in with increasing evidence for embodied theories of cognition, where mental processes are grounded in action and perception. Who we are might be integrated with where we are, and impact how we move through space. Individuals vary in personality, navigational strategies, and numerous cognitive and social competencies. Here we review the relation between social and spatial spheres of existence in the realms of philosophical considerations, neural and psychological representations, and evolutionary context, and how we might use the built environment to suit who we are, or how it creates who we are. In particular we investigate how two spatial reference frames, egocentric and allocentric, might transcend into the social realm. We then speculate on how environments may interact with spatial cognition. Finally, we suggest how a framework encompassing spatial and social cognition might be taken in consideration by architects and urban planners.

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“…Sie entstehen oft, wenn jemand Laute falsch aufnimmt und deshalb zu unbeabsichtigten Bedeutungen gelangt, die zu komischen Situationen führten, in denen ernste Konversation nicht mehr möglich ist [14]. Für Hörbehinderte hat die Furcht zentrale Bedeutung, in einer Interaktion das Gesicht zu verlieren und sich schämen zu müssen.…”

Section: Folgen Von Hörminderungenunclassified

“…Nach mehreren psychometrischen Studien [14] entwickeln viele Hörbehin-derte eine erhebliche "Psychische Labilität" (Neurotizismus) und reduzieren ihre "Offenheit für neue Erfahrungen". Dies weist auf eine primäre Minderung im Aufbau und der Aufrechterhaltung der kristallisierten Intelligenz, der Software hin.…”

Section: Folgen Von Hörminderungenunclassified