Personality Differences of Adult Men before and after a Physical Fitness Program

Young, R. J.; Ismail, A. H.

doi:10.1080/10671315.1976.10615403

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Scale M from the 16PF, however, did add something significant to the equation for prediction of treadmill time. An additional 13y0 of the variance was accounted for by Factor M. Although the multiple correlation reached .64, it can be seen that little additional variance in treadmill time was accounted for by variables entered into the regression equation after variable M. Variable M from the 16PF consistently appears as an important factor whenever this personality measure is used in similar studies (Farge & Hartung, 1977;Ismail & Trachtman, 1973;Young & Ismail, 1976). I n these studies people who score high on scale M of the 16PF tend to be described as "self-motivated, imagina-tively creative, concerned with 'essentials'," and to have inner-directed interests (Cattell et al, 1970).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire has been used to investigate personality correlates of a variety of physical fitness measures (Buccola & Stone, 1975;Burdick & Zolty, 1973;Hammer & Wilmore, 1973;Ismail & Trachtman, 1973;Tillman, 1965;Young & Ismail, 1976). Farge and Hartung (1977) presented a useful summary of the 16PF scales found to be statistically significant in previous studies of sports participation and exercise.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Factor M as a correlate of physical fitness: Imagination or just more energy

Simono¹,

Dawson²,

Murphy³

1979

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Determined whether 16PF scale scores could contribute significantly to the prediction of a measure of fitness. Sixty‐three firemen from a large metropolitan area in the Southeast were Ss. Factor M contributed significantly to the prediction of one measure of fitness (i.e., treadmill time). The assumption cited in the literature that Factor M reflects “imagination” in individuals who score high on fitness measures was questioned. The article concluded that Cattell's earlier work relating high Factor M to high energy and endurance suggests a more logical interpretation of Factor M vis à vis measures of fitness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor M as a correlate of physical fitness: Imagination or just more energy

Simono¹,

Dawson²,

Murphy³

1979

J. Clin. Psychol.

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“…By 1980, this number had climbed to 30 million [32]. The medical literature exploded with studies of the effects the exercise had on mental health [33], longevity [34], at the workplace [35] and lipoprotein levels [36]. Central to this was a book by Jim Fixx that touted the benefits of running as not only preventing heart disease but also promoting longevity and reduced stress [37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emperor’s tailors: the failure of the medical weight loss paradigm and its causal role in the obesity of America

Puterbaugh

2009

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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During the past century, the medical profession has developed a paradigm for the treatment of obesity, which prescribes specific exercise and dietary goals under the umbrella of 'lifestyle change'. It has three components, all of which evolved from origins that had nothing to do with weight control. First, it is individually prescriptive, that is weight loss is considered the responsibility of the individual as contrasted to a societal or group responsibility. Second, it recommends exercise aimed towards structured, or non-functional, activities with a variety of physiological endpoints. Last, dietary goals are defined by calories, exchanges, food groups and various nutritional components. Diets are usually grouped by these goals. This model is unique to America, it is not working and it has also played a causal role in the obesity it is attempting to eliminate. A new model must be developed, which contains an observationally based societal prescription and links activity with functional outcomes and diets, which are food rather than nutritionally based.

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“…That is, through exercise, people may become more self-motivated, optimistic, less trait-anxious, and exhibit a more internal orientation about their health. In fact, there is evidence to suggest that exercise participation may lead to personality changes (Ismail and Young 1976, Young and Ismail 1976a, Young and Ismail 1976b, Young and Ismail 1977. This research, however, is difficult to interpret since it is based on small sample sizes and exercise participants were not compared against a control group.…”

Section: Locus Ofcontrolmentioning

confidence: 96%

The psychological benefits of exercise in work settings: A review, critique, and dispositional model

Jex

1991

Work & Stress

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Evidence on the psychological effects of exercise on employees is considered. Studies which examined the effect of company-sponsored exercise programmes as well as those examining the more general effect of exercise in work settings are reviewed. It is concluded that the evidence for psychological benefits is equivocal. Due to methodological problems, it is difficult to determine whether exercise is responsible for the positive effects reported. Four personality characteristics which may be responsible for both exercise and psychological reactions to work are considered, and a model is then presented. It was concluded that future studies examining the impact of exercise should consider this dispositional model.

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Personality Differences of Adult Men before and after a Physical Fitness Program

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Factor M as a correlate of physical fitness: Imagination or just more energy

Factor M as a correlate of physical fitness: Imagination or just more energy

The emperor’s tailors: the failure of the medical weight loss paradigm and its causal role in the obesity of America

The psychological benefits of exercise in work settings: A review, critique, and dispositional model

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