Personality predicts temporal attention costs in the attentional blink paradigm

MacLean, Mary H.; Arnell, Karen M.

doi:10.3758/pbr.17.4.556

Cited by 67 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The result of Experiment 2 was consistent with previous studies, showing that conscious fearful faces increase the AB [37]. This deteriorated AB may be due to a more focused attentional state caused by unmasked fearful faces [34], [36]. Interestingly, a reverse pattern was found in Experiment 1: fearful faces with restricted awareness reduced the AB magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Emotional Modulation of the Attentional Blink Is Awareness-Dependent

et al. 2012

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It is well known that emotion can modulate attentional processes. Previous studies have shown that even under restricted awareness, emotional facial expressions (especially threat-related) can guide the direction of spatial attention. However, it remains unclear whether emotional facial expressions under restricted awareness can affect temporal attention. To address this issue, we used a modified attentional blink (AB) paradigm in which masked (Experiment 1) or unmasked (Experiment 2) emotional faces (fearful or neutral) were presented before the AB sequence. We found that, in comparison with neutral faces, masked fearful faces significantly decreased the AB magnitude (Experiment 1), whereas unmasked fearful faces significantly increased the AB magnitude (Experiment 2). These results indicate that effects of emotional expression on the AB are modulated by the level of awareness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Emotional Modulation of the Attentional Blink Is Awareness-Dependent

et al. 2012

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“…As hypothesized, individuals with high externalizing displayed a significantly greater AB than individuals with low externalizing. Although other studies have investigated individual differences in AB performance (MacLean & Arnell, 2010; Martens & Valchev, 2009; Carr, Nigg & Henderson, 2006; Wolf, Carpenter, Warren, Zeier, Baskin-Sommers & Newman, in press), we believe ours is the first study to document an association between AB performance and the latent externalizing construct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Exaggerated attention blink response in prisoners with externalizing

Baskin‐Sommers

Wolf

Buckholtz³

et al. 2012

Journal of Research in Personality

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The diverse phenotypic expressions of disinhibitory psychopathology are believed to reflect a common latent predisposing variable: externalizing. While deficiencies in executive functioning (i.e., cognitive/inhibitory control, working memory) and affective hyper-reactivity are commonly associated with externalizing, there is also evidence that externalizing is related to anomalous allocation of attention. In this study, we administered an attention blink task to a sample of male prisoners and assessed externalizing using the Impulsive-Antisociality scale (Benning, Patrick, Hicks, Blonigen, & Krueger, 2003). Individuals with high Impulsive-Antisociality displayed a significantly steeper attention blink (i.e., less accurate identification of a second target) than individuals with low Impulsive-Antisociality. Results provide new evidence that externalizers over-allocate attention to salient information and suggest a novel conceptualization of their disinhibitory psychopathology.

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“…More relevant to the current study is evidence from unselected samples that individual differences in personality traits predict AB magnitude. Greater negative affect and neuroticism are associated with a larger AB (i.e., reduced attentional control), whereas greater positive affect, extraversion, and openness are associated with a smaller AB (MacLean & Arnell, 2010; MacLean et al, 2010). Similarly, Rokke et al (2002) found that moderately-to-severely dysphoric college students exhibited impaired AB performance relative to nondysphoric and mildly dysphoric students, and the authors noted that these results could have been as likely due to group differences in state anxiety as to differences in depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional blink impairment in social anxiety disorder: Depression comorbidity matters

Morrison

Brozovich

Lakhan-Pal

et al. 2016

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Background and Objectives Difficulties with attentional control have long been thought to play a key role in anxiety and depressive disorders. However, the nature and extent of attentional control difficulties in social anxiety disorder (SAD) are not yet well understood. The current study was designed to assess whether attentional control for non-emotional information is impaired in SAD when taking comorbid depression into account. Methods Individuals with SAD and healthy controls (HCs) were administered an attentional blink (AB) task in which they identified number targets in a rapid serial visual presentation stream of letters. Results Individuals with SAD and current comorbid depression exhibited reduced accuracy to identify a target that fell within the AB window after the presentation of a first target compared to individuals with SAD without current comorbid depression, as well as to HCs. The latter two groups did not differ from each other, and the three groups did not differ in accuracy for the second target when it was presented after the AB window. Limitations Although we included two clinical groups and the sample size for the noncomorbid SAD group was large, the comorbid SAD group was relatively small. Conclusions These results suggest that impaired attentional control among individuals with SAD may be limited to those suffering from current comorbid depression.

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Personality predicts temporal attention costs in the attentional blink paradigm

Cited by 67 publications

References 35 publications

Emotional Modulation of the Attentional Blink Is Awareness-Dependent

Emotional Modulation of the Attentional Blink Is Awareness-Dependent

Exaggerated attention blink response in prisoners with externalizing

Attentional blink impairment in social anxiety disorder: Depression comorbidity matters

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