Personality profiles in Eating Disorders: Further evidence of the clinical utility of examining subtypes based on temperament

Turner, Brianna J.; Claes, Laurence; Wilderjans, Tom F.; Pauwels, Eric J.; Dierckx, Eva; Chapman, Alexander L.; Schoevaerts, Katrien

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.04.036

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These previous results would confirm our findings, having obtained a significant difference in the conforming (obsessive) and borderline profiles. The unruly (antisocial), forceful (sadistic), oppositional (passive-aggressive) and self-demeaning (self-destructive) scale, which also appear higher in our group of BN patients, could be related to different pathologies included in the cluster B of PD, thus confirming previous findings (3,4,6).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Eating disorders during the adolescence: Personality characteristics associated with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

et al. 2017

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ResumenIntroducción: estudios previos aportan información relevante sobre la relación entre la personalidad y los trastornos de conducta alimentaria (TCA). La implicación de los factores de personalidad en la etiología y el mantenimiento de los TCA indica la necesidad de enfatizar el estudio de la personalidad del adolescente cuando se diagnostique un TCA. Objetivos: los objetivos del presente estudio fueron explorar los perfiles de personalidad más frecuentes asociados a la anorexia nerviosa (AN) y a la bulimia nerviosa (BN) en adolescentes y analizar aquellos perfiles de personalidad que diferencian de manera significativa a ambos subtipos de TCA. Métodos: un total de 104 pacientes con diagnóstico de AN y BN fueron estudiados mediante el Inventario Clínico para Adolescentes de Millon (MACI). Resultados: los perfiles de personalidad que difieren significativamente entre AN y BN fueron los perfiles sumiso, egocéntrico, rebelde, rudo, conformista, oposicionista, autopunitivo y tendencia límite. Los perfiles de personalidad más frecuentes en la AN fueron el conformista (33,33%), el egocéntrico (22,72%) y el histriónico (18,18%), mientras que en la BN los más prevalentes fueron el rebelde (18,42%), el sumiso (18,42%) y el límite (15,78%). No encontramos ninguna asociación entre el subgrupo diagnóstico (AN, BN) y el hecho de tener perfiles de personalidad que podrían llegar a ser disfuncionales. Conclusiones: existen diferencias relevantes entre los perfiles de personalidad asociados a la AN y la BN durante la adolescencia, por lo que sería importante adaptar las intervenciones terapéuticas para esta población específica. AbstractIntroduction: Previous studies provide relevant information about the relationship between personality and eating disorders (ED). The involvement of personality factors in the etiology and maintenance of ED indicates the need of emphasizing the study of the adolescent's personality when diagnosed of ED. Objectives: The aims of this study were to analyze the adolescent's personality profiles that differ significantly in anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), and to explore the most common profiles and their associations with those subtypes of eating disorders (ED). Methods: A total of 104 patients with AN and BN were studied by means of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI). Results: The personality profiles that differ significantly in both AN and BN were submissive, egotistic, unruly, forceful, conforming, oppositional, self-demeaning and borderline. The most frequent profiles in AN were conforming (33.33%), egotistic (22.72%) and dramatizing (18.18%) while in the case of BN those profiles were unruly (18.42%), submissive (18.42%) and borderline (15.78%). We did not find any associations between the diagnostic subgroup (AN, BN) and the fact of having personality profiles that could become dysfunctional. Conclusions: Bearing in mind these results, it may be concluded that there are relevant differences between personality profiles associated with AN and BN during adolesce...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The relationship between personality characteristics and eating disorders (ED) has been analyzed in many studies (1)(2)(3). Studies on ED have been developed from two different points of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating disorders during the adolescence: Personality characteristics associated with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

et al. 2017

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“…Compared with the over‐controlled and low psychopathology subtypes, they also have more clinical impairment, greater history of sexual or physical abuse, and psychiatric hospitalizations, and are less likely to use healthy coping styles . Individuals classified in the over‐controlled subtype, on the other hand, show greater comorbidity with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and perfectionism and generally fall in the middle of the three groups on bulimic behavior severity, general psychopathology, mood, use of coping skills, and interpersonal deficits . By comparison, those in the low psychopathology group tend to show the fewest comorbid problems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Evidence supports the use of personality subtyping for identifying meaningful phenotypes among individuals with eating disorders, including bulimia nervosa (BN). This approach has been used with various eating disorder populations, and three personality subtypes have consistently emerged: (a) an under‐controlled subtype, characterized by behavioral and emotional dysregulation; (b) an over‐controlled subtype, characterized by inhibition and compulsivity; and (c) a low psychopathology subtype, characterized by relatively normative scores on selected personality indicators. These personality subtypes have been shown to reliably differentiate individuals with eating disorders in clinical presentation and initial evidence indicates they also predict treatment response …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirically derived personality subtyping for predicting clinical symptoms and treatment response in bulimia nervosa

Haynos

Pearson

Utzinger

et al. 2016

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Evidence suggests that eating disorder subtypes reflecting under-controlled, over-controlled, and low psychopathology personality traits constitute reliable phenotypes that differentiate treatment response. This study is the first to use statistical analyses to identify these subtypes within treatment-seeking individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) and to use these statistically derived clusters to predict clinical outcomes. Methods Using variables from the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology–Basic Questionnaire, K-means cluster analyses identified under-controlled, over-controlled, and low psychopathology subtypes within BN patients (n = 80) enrolled in a treatment trial. Generalized linear models examined the impact of personality subtypes on Eating Disorder Examination global score, binge eating frequency, and purging frequency cross-sectionally at baseline and longitudinally at end of treatment (EOT) and follow-up. In the longitudinal models, secondary analyses were conducted to examine personality subtype as a potential moderator of response to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Enhanced (CBT-E) or Integrative Cognitive-Affective Therapy for BN (ICAT-BN). Results There were no baseline clinical differences between groups. In the longitudinal models, personality subtype predicted binge eating (p = .03) and purging (p = .01) frequency at EOT and binge eating frequency at follow-up (p = .045). The over-controlled group demonstrated the best outcomes on these variables. In secondary analyses, there was a treatment by subtype interaction for purging at follow-up (p = .04), which indicated a superiority of CBT-E over ICAT-BN for reducing purging among the over-controlled group. Discussion Empirically derived personality subtyping is appears to be a valid classification system with potential to guide eating disorder treatment decisions.

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“…In the same vein, ED patients with NSSI+BPD also scored significantly higher on all dimensional personality disorder scales compared to those with NSSI-only, except for the Cluster C obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. The latter personality disorder, which is often more prevalent in restrictive ED patients (e.g., Farstad, McGeown, & Von Ranson, 2016), is characterized by anxiety and also by controlled behavior, which is not in line with the emotional dysregulated and impulsive nature of the often more bulimic ED patients with BPD features (Turner, Claes et al, 2014). Therefore, future studies in larger samples, should take ED subtype into account while comparing personality features in ED patients with NSSI-only and NSSI+BPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Clinical Presentations in Eating Disorder Patients with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Based on the Co-Occurrence of Borderline Personality Disorder

Claes¹,

Turner²,

Dierckx³

et al. 2018

Psychologica Belgica

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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) features are common in patients with eating disorders (ED), yet little is known regarding the clinical presentation of ED patients who present with NSSI with and without BPD. The current study compared self-injurious, female ED inpatients with (n = 98; NSSI+BPD) and without BPD (n = 45; NSSI-only) on different self-reported clinical features. Results suggest that ED patients with NSSI+BPD differ from those with NSSI-only with regard to frequency of suicidal ideation, alcohol, drug or medication abuse, internalizing/externalizing psychopathology, interpersonal problems, and coping strategies, with the NSSI+BPD group demonstrating more impairment in each of these domains. Despite these differences in clinical presentation, however, groups did not differ in NSSI features. In sum, while self-injurious ED patients may present with similar NSSI behavior regardless of BPD diagnosis, those with NSS+BPD represent a group with much higher clinical complexity and greater treatment needs.

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Personality profiles in Eating Disorders: Further evidence of the clinical utility of examining subtypes based on temperament

Cited by 44 publications

References 46 publications

Eating disorders during the adolescence: Personality characteristics associated with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

Eating disorders during the adolescence: Personality characteristics associated with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

Empirically derived personality subtyping for predicting clinical symptoms and treatment response in bulimia nervosa

Different Clinical Presentations in Eating Disorder Patients with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Based on the Co-Occurrence of Borderline Personality Disorder

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