Personality profiles of patients with alcohol and drug misuse in a Nigerian treatment facility

Adamson, Taiwo Abosede; Onifade, Peter Olutunde; Ibikunle, O I; Somoye, Edward Babatunde

doi:10.1192/s1749367600006044

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In Nigeria and many African countries, industrialization, urbanization and increased exposure to Western life style have contributed to the spreading of substance use, with alcohol and tobacco and cannabis being the most commonly abused substances. Factors like unhealthy family background, high social class, peer-group influence, desire to remain awake at night, pressure to succeed in academic work, self-reported poor mental health, and easy accessibility of drugs have also been implicated [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profiles of Cannabis Abusers Admitted for Treatment in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Uyo, South-South Nigeria

Jombo

Idung

Iyanam

2020

JAMPS

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Background: Cannabis is one of the commonly abused psychoactive substances worldwide. The increasing abuse of this psychoactive substance is recognized as a significant public health problem in many developing countries. A proper assessment of the patterns and trends of cannabis use disorders will be useful because of the increasing number of cannabis abusers worldwide and demand for appropriate treatment. Aims: This study examined the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of cannabis abusers admitted for treatment in a tertiary healthcare institution in the South-South region of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 105 subjects of cannabis abusers admitted for treatment over a one year period from August 2017 to July 2018. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from a careful chart review using a 35 item questionnaire. Diagnoses were made according to the International Classification of Disease Criteria (ICD-10). Effiong et al.; JAMPS, 22(1): 32-39, 2020; Article no.JAMPS.54278 33 Results: 105 subjects were included in this study. The mean age of patients was 29.71±8.2. The mean age of initiation of substance use was 19.05±3.0 years. Males were predominantly involved in cannabis abuse practices. The age of initiation of substance use was significantly different between the male and female subjects (t=-2.86, P=.009). The age of initiation and duration of substance use was significantly related to the risk of developing substance dependence and psychotic symptoms. Conclusion: Cannabis was commonly abused by people who were often unemployed, single, young males involved in multiple drug abuse. The low mean duration of use, multiple substance abuses together with increasing frequency of psychiatric morbidity forms a major challenge for our mental health care services. There is the need for preventive, curative, and rehabilitative strategies to reduce the public health impact of this scourge. Original Research Article

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profiles of Cannabis Abusers Admitted for Treatment in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Uyo, South-South Nigeria

Jombo

Idung

Iyanam

2020

JAMPS

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“…But in a population of 154 million and prevalence rate of 0.7 for opiates and cocaine, these figures are grossly low. The high prevalence of dual diagnoses might be due to the location of the majority of residential units within psychiatric hospital premises [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The country has the highest one-year prevalence rate of Cannabis use (14.3%) in Africa and ranks 3rd in Africa with respect to the one-year prevalence rates of cocaine (0.7%) and opioids use (0.7%) [ 2 ]. Historically, the orthodox treatment of substance abuse in Nigeria took place in general psychiatric settings until 1983 when the first stand-alone substance abuse treatment unit was established [ 3 ]. Since then, many more substance abuse treatment units have evolved, existing alongside psychiatric units.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A descriptive survey of types, spread and characteristics of substance abuse treatment centers in Nigeria

Onifade

Somoye

Ogunwobi

et al. 2011

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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BackgroundNigeria, the most populous country in Africa and the 8th most populous in the world with a population of over 154 million, does not have current data on substance abuse treatment demand and treatment facilities; however, the country has the highest one-year prevalence rate of Cannabis use (14.3%) in Africa and ranks third in Africa with respect to the one-year prevalence rate of cocaine (0.7%) and Opioids (0.7%) use. This study aimed to determine the types, spread and characteristics of the substance abuse treatment centers in Nigeria.MethodsThe study was a cross sectional survey of substance abuse treatment centers in Nigeria. Thirty-one units were invited and participated in filling an online questionnaire, adapted from the European Treatment Unit/Program Form (June 1997 version).ResultsAll the units completed the online questionnaire. A large proportion (48%) was located in the South-West geopolitical zone of the country. Most (58%) were run by Non-Governmental Organizations. Half of them performed internal or external evaluation of treatment process or outcome. There were a total of 1043 for all categories of paid and volunteer staff, with an average of 33 staff per unit. Most of the funding came from charitable donations (30%). No unit provided drug substitution/maintenance therapy. The units had a total residential capacity of 566 beds. New client admissions in the past one year totalled 765 (mean = 48, median = 26.5, min = 0, max = 147) and 2478 clients received services in the non-residential units in the past year. No unit provided syringe exchange services.ConclusionsThe study revealed a dearth of substance abuse treatment units (and of funds for the available ones) in a country with a large population size and one of the highest prevalence rates of substance abuse in Africa. The available units were not networked and lacked a directory or an evaluation framework. To provide an environment for effective monitoring, funding and continuous quality improvement, the units need to be organized into a sustainable network.

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“…Several studies have revealed that substance abuse is prevalent among patients in Nigerian psychiatric facilities and particularly, drug treatment units (Adamson and Akindele, 1994;Adamson et al, 2010). Few studies were conducted that assessed the patterns of use among individuals with this problem and to the best of this study knowledge fewer studies assessed concomitant personality traits as vulnerability factor for substance use and mitigating factor for treatment in the Nigerian context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Personality traits of in-patients with substance use disorders in a mental health facility in Nigeria

Onyencho¹,

Ibrahim²,

Pindar³

et al. 2016

J. Neurosci. Behav. Health

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Substance abuse is a multi-etiological, multi-dimensional and a worldwide problem with an alarming increase in its incidences. This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of use of psychoactive substances and to assess the predominant personality traits among the participants. This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling technique to examined in-patients with substance abuse problem in a psychiatric facility in Maiduguri. One hundred and four (98.1%) males and (1.9%) females with mean age (x) of 31.1 years and SD (± 7.5) participated in the study. The study revealed cigarette (stimulant) as the most current substance of abuse 74.0%, cannabis (hallucinogen) 71.1%, opiates 69.2% and depressants 60.5%. Additionally, 87.5% of the participants used multiple psychoactive substances. Lastly, 90.4% of the participants' scores were above the mean on Neuroticism, 73.1% on Psychoticism and 55.8% on Extraversion measures. High scores on the three dimensions of personality traits (Psychoticism, Extraversion and Neuroticism) have significant associations to psychoactive substance abuse. The study, therefore, recommend the incorporation of personality assessment in the routine work up and management of patients with substance abuse problems.

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Personality profiles of patients with alcohol and drug misuse in a Nigerian treatment facility

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profiles of Cannabis Abusers Admitted for Treatment in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Uyo, South-South Nigeria

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profiles of Cannabis Abusers Admitted for Treatment in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Uyo, South-South Nigeria

A descriptive survey of types, spread and characteristics of substance abuse treatment centers in Nigeria

Personality traits of in-patients with substance use disorders in a mental health facility in Nigeria

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