Personality traits in young patients with Parkinson's disease

Jacobs, Helfried; Heberlein, Ilse; Vieregge, Alexandra; Vieregge, P.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0404.2001.103002082.x

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with studies that did not show an overall association between PD and personality traits related to introversion and extroversion preceding the onset of motor symptoms. 11,12 However, our findings are in contrast with some case-control studies that showed an association. 2,5,6 These case-control studies may be limited because of a possible cause-effect inversion, whereby the personality traits observed may have been consequences (or early manifestations) of PD rather than risk factors.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Novelty seeking and introversion do not predict the long-term risk of Parkinson disease

Arabia

Grossardt²,

Colligan³

et al. 2010

Neurology

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Objective: It has been suggested that people who develop Parkinson disease (PD) may have a characteristic premorbid personality. We tested this hypothesis using a large historical cohort study with long follow-up. Methods:We conducted a historical cohort study in the region including the 120-mile radius centered in Rochester, MN. We recruited 7,216 subjects who completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) for research at the Mayo Clinic from 1962 through 1965 and we considered 5 MMPI scales to measure sensation seeking, hypomania, positive emotionality, social introversion, and constraint. A total of 6,822 subjects (94.5% of the baseline sample) were followed over 4 decades either actively (via interview and examination) or passively (via medical records).Results: During follow-up, 227 subjects developed parkinsonism (156 developed PD). The 3 MMPI scales that we selected to measure the extroverted personality construct (sensation seeking, hypomania, and positive emotionality) did not show the expected pattern of higher scores associated with reduced risk of PD. Similarly, the 2 MMPI scales that we selected to measure the introverted personality construct (social introversion and constraint) did not show the expected pattern of higher scores associated with increased risk of PD. However, higher scores for constraint were associated with an increased risk of all types of parkinsonism pooled together (hazard ratio 1.39; 95% CI 1.06 -1.84; p ϭ 0.02). Conclusions:We suggest that personality traits related to introversion and extroversion do not predict the risk of PD. For nearly a century, there has been scientific debate about a distinctive premorbid personality in Parkinson disease (PD) characterized by decreased novelty seeking and increased moral rigidity, introversion, punctuality, cautiousness, and conventionality. 1-6 These personality traits have been linked to the dopaminergic system by some authors 7 and to the opioid and GABAergic systems by others. 8,9 Because the hypothesis of a personality at risk for PD remains controversial, 9-12 we tested the hypothesis using a large historical cohort study with long-term follow-up. [13][14][15] METHODS Study sample. The Mayo Clinic Cohort Study of Personality and Aging is a geographically defined subset of a previously established Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) cohort, as described extensively elsewhere. 13,16 In brief, approximately 50,000 Mayo Clinic outpatients completed the MMPI for research purposes (not because of clinical indication) from 1962 through 1965. The study included ambulatory patients who came to the Mayo Clinic from anywhere in the United States for medical reasons other than an acute illness, a psychiatric disorder, a surgical procedure, or hospitalization. At that time, an effort was made to recruit all eligible patients in a consecutive manner, and the participation rate was 95%. 16 From the Divisions

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Novelty seeking and introversion do not predict the long-term risk of Parkinson disease

Arabia

Grossardt²,

Colligan³

et al. 2010

Neurology

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“…Of these studies, seven reported significantly lower NS in PD patients compared to HC [13,[31][32][33][34][35][36]. One study did not report any difference for NS between PD patients and HC [37].…”

Section: The Psychobiological Model Of Cloninger and Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 95%

Personality traits in patients with Parkinson’s disease: assessment and clinical implications

Poletti

Bonuccelli

2011

J Neurol

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This study reviews empirical evidence on the association between personality traits and Parkinson's disease (PD), with a twofold aim. First, to better identify non-motor symptoms, such as affective symptoms and personality changes, that could help to define the pre-motor phase of PD; second, to better understand the neurobiological bases of personality traits, a goal that is not fully accomplished by a purely anatomical approach. A literature review was performed on studies of personality traits in PD patients, in electronic databases ISI Web of Knowledge, Medline and PsychInfo, conducted in July 2011. We found evidence that the existence of a characteristic premorbid personality profile of PD patients is not actually sustained by robust empirical evidence, mainly due to the methodological bias of the retrospective assessment of personality; PD patients present a personality profile of low novelty seeking and high harm avoidance. We concluded that the definition of a pre-motor phase of PD, based on non-motor symptoms, should search for the presence of concomitant affective disorders and for a positive psychiatric history for affective disorders rather than for a typical personality profile or personality changes. The low novelty seeking profile is probably related to the dopaminergic deficit, while the high harm avoidance profile is probably associated with the presence of affective disorders. Clinical implications of these findings, in regard to personality assessment and pharmacological treatments in PD, are also discussed.

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“…Finally, age as a significant covariate of personality style is relevant since behavioural and associated acquired personality changes may in part be age-related. It has been hypothesized that any personality changes associated with PD are more pronounced in older rather than younger people with PD, likely due to more extensive dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic pathway changes in older individuals [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Style in Behavioural Disturbances in Parkinson?s Disease

McDonald¹

2014

J Neurol Neurophysiol

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Objective: Non-motor changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) can include behavioural disturbances, such as apathy and impulse control disorders (ICDs). These behavioural problems impact on quality of life and caregiver burden. In the case of impulsivity, there is some association with specific personality styles at the time of assessment. This study compares current and pre-morbid personality attributes among people with PD who experience a clinically significant ICD, apathy, or no behavioural disturbance.Methods: 94 PD participants without dementia (ICD, n=34; apathy, n=24; control, n=36) were examined for current and pre-morbid (10 years before PD onset) personality style using self-and informant-versions of the NEO FiveFactor Inventory. All informants were knowledgeable about participants' midlife personalities and provided both current and pre-morbid ratings.Results: When key co-variates (depression, anxiety, age and dopamine load) were controlled for, a difference in self-reported current personality style was found among the three PD groups, with the ICD group rating themselves as less agreeable compared to those with apathy or no behavioural disorder. Informant-rated current and pre-morbid measurements of personality style did not differ. Conclusion:While people with PD and clinically significant ICDs currently report themselves as being less agreeable, their informants did not support this finding and reported no change from pre-morbid personality. Differences in personality style with impulsive-compulsive behaviours in PD may not be discernable to others and may be related to transient 'state' factors (i.e. influenced by the disease process or response to treatment), rather than the more enduring trait characteristics exhibited prior to the onset of PD. Until longitudinal investigation of personality determinants has been conducted, there should be a cautious approach in screening for at-risk individuals using specific personality attributes, to avoid overlooking persons with PD who may be vulnerable to developing behavioural complications.

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Personality traits in young patients with Parkinson's disease

Abstract: The higher rate of depression explains our finding of more "harm avoidance" among young PD patients. According to a literature review the choice and performance of controls is crucial whether personality traits in PD patients may be assessed as abnormal.

Cited by 55 publications

References 28 publications

Novelty seeking and introversion do not predict the long-term risk of Parkinson disease

Novelty seeking and introversion do not predict the long-term risk of Parkinson disease

Personality traits in patients with Parkinson’s disease: assessment and clinical implications

Personality Style in Behavioural Disturbances in Parkinson?s Disease

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