Personality types of alcoholics on objective inventories. A review.

Nerviano, Vincent J.; Gross, H

doi:10.15288/jsa.1983.44.837

Cited by 76 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Another MMPI-based approach to the assessment of substance abuse problems has been the use of cluster analysis to define types of abusers based on the traditional MMPI validity and clinical scales. A number of studies have reported similar MMPI profile cluster types (Goldstein & Linden, 1969;Nerviano &Gross, 1983;Whitlock, Overall, &Patrick, 1971). This research has provided information as to how clusters of MMPI scales serve to describe types of abusers (Graham & Strenger, 1988).…”

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confidence: 84%

New Measures for Assessing Alcohol and Drug Abuse With the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS

Weed¹,

Butcher

McKenna³

et al. 1992

Journal of Personality Assessment

136

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We introduce two new scales for assessing substance abuse problems with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2): the Addiction Potential Scale (APS), a 39-item empirically derived scale, developed by contrasting the responses of a large residential substance abuse sample with responses from both normative and psychiatric control groups; and the Addiction Acknowledgement Scale (AAS), a 13-item face-valid scale, constructed rationally and with attention to internal consistency. Both new scales are shown to discriminate well between groups and substantially better than other selected substance abuse scales. Covariation between the scales and joint effectiveness are examined. Finally, limitations for their practical utility are expressed, and considerations for future research are identified.

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confidence: 84%

New Measures for Assessing Alcohol and Drug Abuse With the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS

Weed¹,

Butcher

McKenna³

et al. 1992

Journal of Personality Assessment

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Paternal history of substance abuse disorder may be less essential than dispositional factors, such as irritability, for predicting the development of drug and alcohol abuse [Tarter et al, 1995]. (2) Irritability is a typical characteristic for, at least, a subgroup of alcoholics [Nerviano and Gross, 1983]. It is described as a more frequent feature of drug and alcohol abusers with childhood conduct disorder and adult antisocial personality disorder [Cottler et al, 1995] and is considered a liability trait for type 2 alcoholics [Cloninger et al, 1981].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Irritability on Craving before and after Cue Exposure in Abstinent Alcoholic Inpatients: Experimental Data on Subjective Response and Heart Rate

Chiang¹,

Schuetz²,

Soyka³

2002

Neuropsychobiology

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Objective: Irritability is often linked with problem drinking. The aim of this study is to examine the possible influence of irritability on craving induced by a cue-exposure paradigm. Methods: 30 male abstinent alcoholic inpatients of the Psychiatric Hospital of Munich University, Germany gave answers to a series of personality questionnaires. Results of this study concerning the impact of aggressivity on craving for alcohol has recently been published. In this study, the subjects were subdivided into a low- and a high-irritable group based on their scores on the irritability subscale of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and were exposed to alcohol cues. Craving was measured by means of the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire (ACQ) and Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). The heart rate was also assessed throughout the whole process. ANCOVA for repeated measurement was employed to evaluate the data – irritability disposition as the between-subject factor and the experimental manipulation (absence vs. presence of alcohol cues) as the within-subject factor. Results: Major findings are: (1) main effects of irritability on ‘emotionality’, ‘purposefulness’, and ‘expectancy’ of the ACQ as well as on ‘craving for alcohol’ of the VAS were significant; (2) cue exposure also exerted a significant main effect on ‘craving for alcohol’ of the VAS and on the heart rate after the presentation of alcohol cues; (3) on ‘compulsivity’ of the ACQ and ‘intention to alcohol intake’ of the VAS; there was a significant interaction between irritability and cue exposure. The high-irritable alcoholics, compared with their statements in the baseline, tended to report a higher control over alcohol intake and a lower intention to alcohol use after cue exposure. However, after confrontation with alcohol stimuli, their low-irritable counterparts reported a much lower control and a slightly higher intention than they did in the baseline. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that induced craving in hospitalized alcohol addicts probably varies with the magnitude of their irritability; it might make patients more aware of their vulnerability to alcohol, help them develop more differential coping strategies and improve medical therapy against alcohol craving.

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“…However, it was first developed 40 years ago, is steeped in archaic dimensional description, and has heterogeneous scales. Nerviano and Gross (1983) reviewed several studies that used the MMPI to identify personality subtypes of alcohol appear less typological and differ more on an MMPI severity continuum. Their Type I subtypes for men (8-2-4) and women (4-8-9) were marked by significant elevations on at least five MMPI scales.…”

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confidence: 99%

A multi-test alcoholic taxonomy: Canonical coefficient clusters

Retzlaff

Bromley

1991

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Little convergence has been found in the area of subtyping alcoholic per sonalities. Prior work has suffered from the use of single inventories, inventories with large distress factors, or inventories that lack broad theoretical appeal. The present work (N = 89) transcends idiosyncratic cluster solutions through the use of canonical correlation of the Basic Personality Inventory and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. The resulting global canonical variates are cluster analyzed to a six‐cluster solution. These subtypes are described through their scores on the canonical variates and the underlying psychometric inventories.

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Personality types of alcoholics on objective inventories. A review.

Cited by 76 publications

References 27 publications

New Measures for Assessing Alcohol and Drug Abuse With the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS

New Measures for Assessing Alcohol and Drug Abuse With the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS

Effects of Irritability on Craving before and after Cue Exposure in Abstinent Alcoholic Inpatients: Experimental Data on Subjective Response and Heart Rate

A multi-test alcoholic taxonomy: Canonical coefficient clusters

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