Purpose
To improve the hybrid VMAT treatment plan robustness for postoperative breast cancer patients considering small patient motion shifts during treatment using a 3D-CRT with a dose gradient in the junction region.
Methods
Locoregional supraclavicular nodes of breast cancer patients were planned using 3D-CRT and VMAT. A 3D-CRT plan with a dose gradient on the cranial side was applied by shifting the jaw to reduce hot or cold spots. The VMAT plan was optimized based on the results of the 3D-CRT plan calculation. Hybrid plans were created by the sum of the 3D-CRT and VMAT plans. To simulate patient motion, the plans were recalculated with the VMAT plan simulating isocenter superiorly (separation) or inferiorly (overlap) shifted by 1, 2, and 3 mm. The shifted plans were compared with the non-shifted plans considering the clinical target volume (CTV) (D98% or D2%).
Results
The D2% value of the CTV with perfectly aligned fields for the hybrid VMAT plan with high- or low-dose gradients on the 3D-CRT plan increased from 102.8%/102.9–107.2%/105.7%, 114.9%/110.9%, and 122.2%/115.5% for each 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm overlapped shift, respectively. The value of D98% to the CTV with perfectly aligned fields decreased from 95.7%/95.6–90.0%/93.1%, 81.2%/88.4%, and 72.8%/83.5% for each 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm separated shift, respectively.
Conclusions
By employing a 3D-CRT plan with a low dose gradient on the cranial side, the dose differences can be decreased. A more robust treatment delivery option can be achieved for breast cancer treatment using our proposed hybrid VMAT.