Perspectives in Modelling Climate–Hydrology Interactions

Hagemann, Stefan; Blome, Tanja; Saeed, Fahad; Stacke, Tobias

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8789-5_12

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…As much of the moisture gains occurred over the Indus basin for all studies here, the accurate representation of irrigation in climate models is important to correctly represent both local [7,8] and global [6] water cycles. These findings demonstrate the impact of teleconnections on regional and seasonal changes of moisture sources across the HKH and provide insight into the related mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for the four considered river basins (Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Mekong). Furthermore, a lack of irrigation parametrisations within the models makes it impossible to correctly represent the local hydrological cycle in regions where artificial irrigation is widespread, as in parts of the Indus and Ganges; see the discussion in [6][7][8]. Overall, the model performance decreases from the east to the west and northwest, meaning the Indus and Ganges basins are not sufficiently well-represented by present-day Earth system models, which has significant implications for assessing the impact of climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Pathways for the Hindu-Kush-Himalaya and an Analysis of Three Flood Events

Boschi¹,

Lucarini

2019

Atmosphere

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The climatology of major sources and pathways of moisture for three locales along the Hindu-Kush-Himalayan region are examined, by use of Lagrangian methods applied to the ERA-Interim dataset, over the period from 1980 to 2016 for both summer (JJA) and winter (NDJ) periods. We also investigate the major flooding events of 2010, 2013, and 2017 in Pakistan, Uttarakhand, and Kathmandu, respectively, and analyse a subset of the climatology associated with the 20 most significant rainfall events over each region of interest. A comparison is made between the climatology and extreme events, in the three regions of interest, during the summer monsoon period. For Northern Pakistan and Uttarakhand, the Indus basin plays the largest role in moisture uptake. Moisture is also gathered from Eastern Europe and Russia. Extreme events display an increased influence of sub-tropical weather systems, which manifest themselves through low-level moisture transport; predominantly from the Arabian sea and along the Gangetic plain. In the Kathmandu region, it is found that the major moisture sources come from the Gangetic plain, Arabian Sea, Red Sea, Bay of Bengal, and the Indus basin. In this case, extreme event pathways largely match those of the climatology, although an increased number of parcels originate from the western end of the Gangetic plain. These results provide insights into the rather significant influence of mid-latitudinal weather systems, even during the monsoon season, in defining the climatology of the Hindu-Kush-Himalaya region, as well as how extreme precipitation events in this region represent atypical moisture pathways. We propose a detailed investigation of how such water pathways are represented in climate models for the present climate conditions and in future climate scenarios, as this may be extremely relevant for understanding the impacts of climate change on the cryosphere and hydrosphere of the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Pathways for the Hindu-Kush-Himalaya and an Analysis of Three Flood Events

Boschi¹,

Lucarini

2019

Atmosphere

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Improved soil physics for simulating high latitude permafrost regions by the JSBACH terrestrial ecosystem model

Ekici¹,

Beer²,

Hagemann³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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State-of-the-art climate models postulate disproportionately large climate warming in the northern latitudes. Ground and satellite observations indicate recent warming is already altering the environment, evidenced by increasing permafrost temperature, deepening active layers, accelerating glacier melt and increasing river runoff. It is estimated that the circum-arctic regions contain vast amounts of soil organic carbon, whose fate is governed by climate; if temperature continues to rise, thawing of permafrost could release historic carbon initiating a positive climate-carbon cycle feedback. Consequently, projecting the future state of ecosystems in permafrost regions under changing environmental conditions is a major research challenge, but most of the associated processes are not yet adequately represented in current Earth system models. The new version of JSBACH incorporates phenomena specific to high latitudes: freeze/thaw processes, coupling thermal and hydrological processes in a layered soil scheme, defining a multi-layer snow representation and an insulating moss cover. Evaluations using the most comprehensive Arctic datasets show improvements at the site, basin, continental and circum-arctic scales. Such improvements highlight the need to include processes relevant to high latitude systems in order to capture the dynamics, and therefore realistically predict the evolution of this climatically critical biome

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Perspectives in Modelling Climate–Hydrology Interactions

Cited by 2 publications

References 122 publications

Water Pathways for the Hindu-Kush-Himalaya and an Analysis of Three Flood Events

Water Pathways for the Hindu-Kush-Himalaya and an Analysis of Three Flood Events

Improved soil physics for simulating high latitude permafrost regions by the JSBACH terrestrial ecosystem model

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