Perspectives of Next-Generation Live-Attenuated Rift Valley Fever Vaccines for Animal and Human Use

Schreur, Paul J. Wichgers; Bird, Brian H.; Ikegami, Tetsuro; Bermúdez-Méndez, Erick; Kortekaas, Jeroen

doi:10.3390/vaccines11030707

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Currently there are no investigational or licensed vaccines for humans. There are promising next-generation live-attenuated vaccines in development for animal and human use (reviewed by Wichgers Schreur et al 2023). Development and evaluation of vaccine platforms with excellent safety and immunogenicity profiles that are accepted in endemic and nonendemic regions for the control and prevention of RVFV outbreaks are needs that have yet to be met, but until then the use of available vaccines in endemic countries as described for the 2015 outbreak in Kenya (Anyamba et al 2019) remains the best tool for vaccination efforts to control an outbreak.…”

Section: Strategic Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The increasing threat of Rift Valley fever virus globalization: strategic guidance for protection and preparation

Gibson,

Noronha,

Tubbs

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) (Bunyavirales: Phlebovirus) is a prominent vector-borne zoonotic disease threat to global agriculture and public health. Risks of introduction into nonendemic regions are tied to changing climate regimes and other dynamic environmental factors that are becoming more prevalent, as well as virus evolutionary factors and human/animal movement. Endemic to the African continent, RVFV has caused large epizootics at the decadal scale since the early 20th century but has spread to the Arabian Peninsula and shows increasing patterns of interepizootic transmission on the annual scale. This virus can be transmitted by mosquitoes as well as through direct contact with infected tissues and can cause sporadic to widespread morbidity and mortality in domestic ungulate livestock as well as humans. High viremias in infected livestock moved for legal and illegal trade as well as in infected mosquitoes or human travelers can spread this virus worldwide. With increasing global commerce, it is likely RVFV will be introduced to new areas with suitable hosts, mosquito vector species, and environments. However, the strong mosquito component of RVFV epidemiology combined with advancements in vaccines, diagnostics, and virus evolutionary factors create opportunities for strategies to leverage models of connectivity among potential source and emerging regions to target surveillance and mitigation activities to reduce the risk of RVFV introduction, or contain the virus should it be introduced, into new regions.

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Section: Strategic Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The increasing threat of Rift Valley fever virus globalization: strategic guidance for protection and preparation

Gibson,

Noronha,

Tubbs

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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“…As outbreaks of RVFV often precede outbreaks in humans by a few weeks, 22 it is important to develop vaccines that can be used in animal reservoirs as well as humans. A variety of vaccine approaches against RVFV have been explored, 59 , 60 of which several have been evaluated in humans with the aim of generating a neutralizing antibody response. The RVFV‐inactivated vaccine TSI‐GSD‐200, although having a good safety profile in humans, ∼10% of participants immunized with it did not seroconvert despite the administration of three vaccine doses.…”

Section: Phlebovirus Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immunity to phlebovirus infection

Doores

2023

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Phleboviruses are zoonotic pathogens found in parts of Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America and cause disease symptoms ranging from self‐limiting febrile illness to severe disease, including hemorrhagic diathesis, encephalitis, and ocular pathologies. There are currently no approved preventative vaccines against phlebovirus infection or antivirals for the treatment of the disease. Here, we discuss the roles of neutralizing antibodies in phlebovirus infection, the antigenic targets present on the mature polyproteins Gn and Gc, progress in vaccine development, and the prospects of identifying conserved neutralizing epitopes across multiple phleboviruses. Further research in this area will pave the way for the rational design of pan‐phlebovirus vaccines that will protect against both known phleboviruses but also newly emerging phleboviruses that may have pandemic potential.

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“…An effective method to prevent the potential spread of RVF is vaccination, and to date, three types of vaccines have been licensed for use in livestock, both attenuated and inactivated [ 17 ]. There are also several experimental vaccines based on the rational deletion of non-structural genes associated with virulence or on mutagenisation [ 18 ]. In many cases, these vaccines retain some residual virulence when tested in more sensitive animal models or in early-stage pregnant animals, so there is still room for the improvement of their safety profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy upon Infection in Sheep with Rift Valley Fever Virus ZH548-rA2, a Triple Mutant Rescued Virus

Moreno,

Lorenzo,

López-Valiñas

et al. 2024

Viruses

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The introduction of three single nucleotide mutations into the genome of the virulent RVFV ZH548 strain allows for the rescue of a fully attenuated virus in mice (ZH548-rA2). These mutations are located in the viral genes encoding the RdRp and the non-structural protein NSs. This paper shows the results obtained after the subcutaneous inoculation of ZH548-rA2 in adult sheep and the subsequent challenge with the parental virus (ZH548-rC1). Inoculation with the ZH548-rA2 virus caused no detectable clinical or pathological effect in sheep, whereas inoculation of the parental rC1 virus caused lesions compatible with viral infection characterised by the presence of scattered hepatic necrosis. Viral infection was confirmed via immunohistochemistry, with hepatocytes within the necrotic foci appearing as the main cells immunolabelled against viral antigen. Furthermore, the inoculation of sheep with the rA2 virus prevented the liver damage expected after rC1 virus inoculation, suggesting a protective efficacy in sheep which correlated with the induction of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.

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Perspectives of Next-Generation Live-Attenuated Rift Valley Fever Vaccines for Animal and Human Use

Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

The increasing threat of Rift Valley fever virus globalization: strategic guidance for protection and preparation

The increasing threat of Rift Valley fever virus globalization: strategic guidance for protection and preparation

Humoral immunity to phlebovirus infection

Safety and Efficacy upon Infection in Sheep with Rift Valley Fever Virus ZH548-rA2, a Triple Mutant Rescued Virus

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