Perspectives on long pentraxin 3 and rheumatoid arthritis: several potential breakthrough points relying on study foundation of the past

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease which is mainly characterized by synovitis and results in a severe burden for both the individual and society. To date, the underlying mechanisms of RA are still poorly understood. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a typical long pentraxin protein which has been highly conserved during evolution. Meanwhile, functions as well as properties of PTX3 have been extensively studied. Several studies identified that PTX3 plays a predominate role in infection, inflammation, immunity and tumor. Interestingly, PTX3 has also been verified to be closely associated with development of RA. We therefore accomplished an elaboration of the relationships between PTX3 and RA. Herein, we mainly focus on the associated cell types and cognate cytokines involved in RA, in combination with PTX3. This review infers the insight into the interaction of PTX3 in RA and aims to provide novel clues for potential therapeutic target of RA in clinic.

Salivary Microbiota and Host-Inflammatory Responses in Periodontitis Affected Individuals With and Without Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…The expression of this mediator is increased in serum/plasma and synovial fluid of RA individuals ( Wu et al., 2020 ). Interestingly, in line with our findings, pentraxin-3 has recently been suggested as a novel biomarker for RA diagnosis and a sensitive indicator of clinical arthritic activity in RA when compared to conventional diagnostic marker C-reactive protein ( Qiu et al., 2021 ). Pentraxin-3, has also been suggested to be a key biomarker for periodontal disease diagnosis ( Kathariya et al., 2013 ), which is supported by our previous findings that salivary levels of pentraxin-3 in combination with specific ASVs (belonging to Streptococcus sp., Selenomonas sp., and Treponema spp.)…”

“…Similarly, the levels of TWEAK/TNFSF12 have been reported as elevated in both synovial tissue and serum of patients with RA and found to correlate well with the disease activity of RA ( Park et al., 2008 ; Dharmapatni et al., 2011 ). The last inflammatory mediator, pentraxin, that together with ASVs could distinguish between RA and non-RA patients with periodontitis, plays a central role in both infection and systemic inflammation ( Qiu et al., 2021 ). The expression of this mediator is increased in serum/plasma and synovial fluid of RA individuals ( Wu et al., 2020 ).…”

Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood reveals immune cell dysfunction in premature ovarian insufficiency

“…TNF-α mainly originates from monocytes, macrophages, DC cells, activated B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes. It can bind to two receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) and has pleiotropic effects on immunity and inflammation ( 53 ). TNF-α plays a critical role in several signaling pathways, including NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Akt, p38/MAPK, ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways ( 34 ).…”