Perspectives on Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Reuse Options in the Urban Areas of the Mediterranean Region

Bdour, Ahmed N.

doi:10.1061/40927(243)565

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, Guzha et al (2005) evaluated the effect of using sanitized human excreta on maize production and water productivity, which recommended that ecological toilets should be added to the list of approved sanitation systems; Bdour et al (2009) discussed several options to achieve sustainability in wastewater treatment, and found that organic nutrient cycles and a closed resource loop could provide an approach for managing valuable wastewater resources; Werner et al (2009) treated the Eco-San system as a new philosophy of dealing with waste and wastewater, which were based on the systematic implementation of the reuse and recycling of nutrients, organics and water as a hygienically safe, closed-loop and holistic alternative; and Magri et al (2013) evaluated the sanitizing effects of different additives for dry treatment of feces from urine-diverting dry toilets to reduce the pathogenicity of microorganisms carried in fecal material to safe levels so that the Eco-San systems could be effective in providing health and environmental pollution control. However, current studies emphasized mainly on principles, technologies, reuse of nutrients and project examples and less are related to evaluation and selection of the system technology and components of the EcoSan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of wastewater sources, some studies focused on urine application (Guzha et al, 2005), urine treatment (Wilsenach et al, 2007), composting of feces (Magri et al, 2013), and co-composting of feces and kitchen waste (Niwagaba et al, 2009c); in terms of performances, some studies focused on economic feasibility (von Munch and Mayumbelo, 2007), technical feasibility (Lehtoranta et al, 2014), and environmental or social impacts (Lehtoranta et al, 2014;Malekpour et al, 2013). In terms of treatment process, previous studies mainly stressed different styles of toilet (Anand and Apul, 2014), the source-separation collection of the domestic wastewater (Bdour et al, 2009), the treatment technologies of different wastewater (black water, yellow water, brown water and gray water) (Mo and Zhang, 2013), and the acceptability of society, human and managers. The spatial scale used to be selected at one house or building (Benetto et al, 2009), one school (Werner et al, 2009), one village or colony.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constructing the ecological sanitation: a review on technology and methods

Fan

Wang

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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a b s t r a c tWastewater often contains valuable resources (e.g. organic matter and nutrients). Different from conventional sanitation approaches, the ecological sanitation (Eco-San) system is based on the closure of material flow cycles to recover resources with minimized demands on other resources. The review comprehensively summarized the main components of the Eco-San system (user interface, collection and conveyance, storage and primary treatment, and reuse/disposal), the frequently-used evaluation methods, and the framework of evaluation index system. Some typical practical cases were discussed to demonstrate the managerial implications and popularize the applications of the Eco-San system. The results show that the Eco-San systems are beneficial to resource efficiency, agricultural use of the organic matters and nutrients, and energy recovery although some shortages exist (e.g. high cost, cultural constraints, and complex operation and management). The evaluation methods can help to identify the restriction factors, contributing factors and measures to improve the efficiency of the future Eco-San system. The setting, selection and quantification are three critical steps when using the evaluation indices to complete the evaluation process. This study not only provides the methods for both developing novel Eco-San systems (combinations of the components) and improving the Eco-San systems (evaluation of the combinations) to solve the wastewater problem in rural areas. Considering the challenges or limitations in the Eco-San research, the recommendations for future research may mainly focus on the combination of different components, methods for sustainability assessment, quantification of the evaluation index, and implementation of more real Eco-San cases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing the ecological sanitation: a review on technology and methods

Fan

Wang

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…This failure of the conventional urban water supply service model has led many authors, such as Porto et al (2007); Bdour et al (2009) ;Blackmore and Plant (2008); Fidar et al (2010); Memon et al (2005); Sharma et al (2010); Zhang et al (2007) to advocate for alternative urban water supply service models to improve sustainability. Such alternative urban water system service models are centred on a fit-for-purpose water distribution principle (Cook et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2013) that requires the supply of water to be driven by the quality requirements of each specific end-use the water is intended for (Sharma et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach for estimating urban water end use characteristics of cities in the developing world

Muniina

Maksimović

Graham

2016

Urban Water Journal

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The design of alternative urban water supply interventions for a community located in a low-income country requires detailed and precise knowledge of the nature, frequency and intensity of various characteristic water end-uses of the community. Without the availability of this characteristic water use information, high resolution metering experiments are the usually preferred methods to measure the water use volumes. However in the developing world, these high resolution experiments are not an available option. Leaving the imprecise household interviewing process of data collection as the only option. This paper presents a novel methodology that improves and expands on the socially collected water uses data, through the use of stochastic modelling process of the water use volumes to estimate the total monthly water use of the community. The methodology not only improves the estimates of water use volumes but also provides a mathematical modelling description of the household water uses in the community.

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“…Bdour et al ( 2009 ) recommended the cyclical or a closedloop treatment system to achieve ecological wastewater treatment. There are plenty of research needs to improve the methods of wastewater treatment in Mediterranean countries.…”

Section: Modern Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects

Valipour

Singh

2016

Water Science and Technology Library

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The need for irrigated agriculture is growing day by day and the largest water withdrawals from renewable water resources are for irrigation. In addition, the available water resources are decreasing and we need to use non-conventional water resources for irrigation due to looming water crisis (Raschid-Sally and Jayakody, Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment. International Water Management Institute, Colombo, 35p, (IWMI Research Report 127), 2008). However, the volume of treating and using wastewater is limited due to the lack of adequate data and knowledge and/or negative effects of improper wastewater management (i.e. use of untreated wastewater). A comprehensive evaluation of what has been done is necessary in order to explore wastewater irrigation and to avoid trial-and-error policies. Although a study of wastewater irrigation from crops, soil, groundwater, health, irrigation equipments, modern technologies, and other environmental aspects is useful, management studies in comparison with other aspects can help lead to more reliable and more extensive fi ndings and fi nally a better decision on using wastewater for irrigation. The chapter presents challenges and prospects that may help decision making for the use of wastewater in irrigation.

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Perspectives on Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Reuse Options in the Urban Areas of the Mediterranean Region

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Constructing the ecological sanitation: a review on technology and methods

Constructing the ecological sanitation: a review on technology and methods

A novel approach for estimating urban water end use characteristics of cities in the developing world

Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects

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