Perspectives on the Evolution of Porcine Parvovirus

Abstract

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is one of the main causes of porcine reproductive failure. It is important for swine industries to understand the recent trends in PPV evolution. Previous data show that PPV has two genetic lineages originating in Germany. In this study, two more genetic lineages were defined, one of which was distinctly Asian. Additionally, amino acid substitutions in European strains and Asian strains showed distinct differences in several regions of the VP2 gene. The VP1 gene of the recent PPV isolate (T142_South Korea) was identical to that of Kresse strain isolated in the USA in 1985, indicating that modern PPV strains now resemble the original strains (Kresse and NADL-2). In this study, we compared strains isolated in the 20th century to recent isolates and confirmed the trend that modern strains are becoming more similar to previous strains.

PCR-based detection and genetic characterization of porcine parvoviruses in South Korea in 2018

“…However, few modern studies have focused on the presence of PPVs in general and PPV1 in particular. The low positive rate of PPV1 agreed with the previous studies where only one sample collected from 2013 to 2016 was positive for PPV1 [9]. Combined with two previous studies that detected PPV1 in South Korea [9,12], it could be inferred that PPV1 distributed in several provinces, but at a low prevalence rate.…”

“…Among seven genotypes of porcine parvoviruses, PPV1 is a well-known pathogen in pigs and is frequently associated with reproductive failure in swine. PPV1 usually causes fetal death in the absence of outward maternal clinical signs, thereby entailing the widespread vaccination of the breeding herd in an effort to control this virus [8,9]. Although inactive vaccines are used in swine farms, PPV1 has not been eradicated and still poses several problems globally [10,11].…”

“…To date, many studies have been conducted on the genotyping and topology of PPVs and analyzing their molecular genetics [2,3,9]. It has been suggested that PPVs are divided into 7 genotypes, of which genotype 7 was most recently identified.…”

“…It has been suggested that PPVs are divided into 7 genotypes, of which genotype 7 was most recently identified. In South Korea, after the publications in 2001 [12] and 2017 [9,13], few studies were focused on the detection of PPVs. This study attempted to investigate the presence of PPVs by molecular-based methods and investigate several genetic properties of PPVs.…”

Çin’in Fujian Eyaletinde Domuz Parvovirus 7 (PPV7) İzolatlarının Genetik Karakterizasyonu

“…Many different parvoviruses species had been identified in swine herds, including the PPV1 (also namely classic PPV), PPV2, PPV3 (also namely PARV4, hokovirus or partetravirus), PPV4, PPV5, PPV6, and porcine Bocaviruses (PBoV). Although these recently identified emerging PPV genotypes have been found in many pig breeding countries, but the clinical significance of PPV2 through porcine Bocaviruses infections remains unclear [2][3][4] . Moreover, no commercial vaccines are available at present.…”