Perspectives regarding the use of metallurgical slags as secondary metal resources – A review of bioleaching approaches

Potysz, Anna; Hullebusch, Eric D. van; Kierczak, Jakub

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.083

Cited by 113 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…On the other hand, the relatively high residual metal content in slags makes these wastes appealing as secondary metal resources [10], especially when viewed in the context of the depletion of natural resource reserves. Optimal metal extraction is a process resulting in a high metal yield, but the geochemical characteristic of the remaining residue is also crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective (Bio)leaching of Historical Copper Slags as an Alternative to Their Disposal

Potysz

Kierczak

2019

Minerals

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of (bio)hydrometallurgical methods for metal extraction from historical copper slags. Two types of slags (amorphous slag—AS, and crystalline slag—CS) were subjected to 24 to 48 h of leaching with: (i) Sulfuric acid at 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M concentrations at 1%, 5%, and 10% pulp densities (PDs); and (ii) normality equivalent (2 N) acids (sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, citric, and oxalic) at pulp densities ranging from 1% to 2%. Bioleaching experiments were performed within 21 days with Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans accompanied by an abiotic control (sterile growth medium). The results demonstrated that the most efficient treatment for amorphous and crystalline slag was bioleaching at 1% PD over 21 days, which led to extraction of Cu at rates of 98.7% and 52.1% for AS and CS, respectively. Among the chemical agents, hydrochloric acid was the most efficient and enabled 30.5% of Cu to be extracted from CS (1% PD, 48 h) and 98.8% of Cu to be extracted from AS (1% PD, 24 h). Slag residues after leaching were characterized by strong alteration features demonstrated by the complete dissolution of fayalite in the case of CS and the transformation of AS to amorphous silica and secondary gypsum. Based on this study, we conclude that amorphous slag is a more suitable candidate for potential metal recovery because of its generally high susceptibility to leaching and due to the generation of residue significantly depleted in metals as the end product. The inventory of economically relevant metals showed that 1 ton of historical copper slag contains metals valued at $47 and $135 for crystalline and amorphous slag, respectively, suggesting that secondary processing of such materials can potentially be both economically and environmentally viable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective (Bio)leaching of Historical Copper Slags as an Alternative to Their Disposal

Potysz

Kierczak

2019

Minerals

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“…It is evident that extraction of gold from refractory lean raw materials by means of bioleaching will minimize the harm caused to the environment and make cheaper the processing of sulfide ores and technogenic wastes. Despite the fact that, for different metals, there are certain bioleaching techniques depending on the type of microorganisms, pH, and toxic metals concentration [17], in the literature there is very little information on gold extraction. Therefore, the purpose of the present work is to study the mineral composition of Au-containing raw materials; carbonaceous-argillaceous slates and pyritic technogenic raw materials selected in the Ural Federal District (Russia), as well as the determination of the influence of the bioleaching technique (1-stimulation of the natural microbiome; 2-application of enrichment cultures) and the composition of the nutrient medium on the degree of leaching of gold from Au-containing ores of different compositions, origins, and with different contents of gold.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Au-Containing Ore Slates and Pyrite Wastes

et al. 2019

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The influence of the environment and bacterial cultures on the degree of gold leaching from Au-containing raw materials of different compositions, origins, and with different contents of gold, selected in the Ural Federal District (Russia), was determined. The leaching degree was determined according to the change of the gold concentration in the ore by means of mass-spectrometry with inductively-coupled plasma. It was demonstrated that the degree of Au bioleaching from carbonaceous-argillaceous slates, containing 2.17 g/t of gold, and from pyritic technogenic raw materials, containing 1.15 g/t, when holding them in peptone water and Leten medium reached 92.17% and 87.83%, respectively.

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“…For instance, for a metal in low total concentration like Cd, the amount released may appear higher when expressed as a percentage although it is low in the leachate. Other factors affecting leachability include sample specific surface area, metal speciation in the solid phase as well as bulk solution chemistry [39,40]. The low leaching ratios could also be attributed to the metals being strongly bound to the glass matrix.…”

Section: Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical characteristics of fine fraction materials from an old crystal glass dumpsite in Sweden

Mutafela

Marques

Jani

et al. 2019

Chemistry and Ecology

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Physico-chemical characteristics of waste, particularly fine fraction (FF), from an old crystal glass waste dump in Sweden were studied to assess recycling or disposal alternatives. Hand-sorting of the waste indicated glass content of 44.1% while sieving established the FF as a more soil-like mix of glass and other materials constituting 33.3% of all excavated waste. The FF was around neutral pH with 24.4% moisture content, low values of Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Organic Carbon and fluorides, but hazardous concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Zn according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. While the FF leached metals in low concentrations at neutral pH, it leached considerably during digestion with nitric acid, implying leaching risks at low pH. Thus, the waste requires safe storage in hazardous waste class 'bank account' storage cells to avoid environmental contamination as metal recovery and other recycling strategies for the glass waste are being developed. The study could fill the information gap regarding preservation of potential resources in the ongoing , fast-paced excavation and relandfilling of heavy metal contaminated materials in the region.

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Perspectives regarding the use of metallurgical slags as secondary metal resources – A review of bioleaching approaches

Cited by 113 publications

References 141 publications

Prospective (Bio)leaching of Historical Copper Slags as an Alternative to Their Disposal

Prospective (Bio)leaching of Historical Copper Slags as an Alternative to Their Disposal

Bioleaching of Au-Containing Ore Slates and Pyrite Wastes

Physico-chemical characteristics of fine fraction materials from an old crystal glass dumpsite in Sweden

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