Pertarungan Kuasa dalam Wacana Islam Nusantara

Abstract

This article examines power struggle in the discourse of Islam Nusantara which becomes very popular in contemporary Indonesian Islam. The idea of Islam Nusantara is not different from Islam in general, but with distinctive charactericstics, such as tawâzun, i‘tidâl, and tawassut}. The proponents of this idea claim that their intellectual framework is based on the principle of maslah}ah mursalah, istih}sân, and ‘urf. Using critical discourse analysis, this article attempts to see the other side of Islam Nusantara discourse. This study is based on an assumption that language and discourse are not only an instrument to convey ideas, but also a means to construct social reality. Social activities are always related to and constructed by their social settings. This article argues that the discourse of Islam Nusantara emerges as a part of struggle for influence between mainstream Islamic movements, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, and new transnational Islamic movements, such as Tarbiyah, Hizbut Tahrir, and Salafis. The use of the term Islam Nusantara is indeed the effort of mainstream Islamic movements to create the image of indigenous Islamic movements, different from the newly imported Islamic movements. However, the discourse of Islam Nusantara seems to be reductionist and monolithic in perceiving diverse realities of Islam in Nusantara.

Understanding the Context and Concept of Islam Nusantara

“…As a result, this term has been described as "reductionist and monolithic in perceiving diverse realities of Islam in Nusantara." 44 Unlike Burhani, who optimistically considered IN to be a favourable response to radicalism, 45 Woodward's study implied that the project is ineffective because Salafism in Indonesia rejects violent extremism, just like the proponents of IN. For Woodward reframing the struggle against violent extremism by evoking the idea of IN is unlikely to evoke unity in combating extremism between these two groups.…”

“…40 These developments challenged the dominance of mainstream local Islamic movements, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. 41 In this regard, observers like Woodward argue that the promotion of IN aims to minimise the influence of radical groups, such as al-Qaeda and ISIS. The promotion of IN seems to be motivated by the need to establish the image of a distinct and moderate indigenous Indonesian Islam.…”

“…46 At the national level, the discourse on IN is a battlefield between mainstream Islamic movements, such as NU and Muhammadiyah, and emerging transnational Islamic movements. 47 Within the context of internal NU dynamics, efforts to promote the middle path and religious tolerance in Indonesia are being challenged by several clerics and activists from among NU's followers.This resistance might be linked to NU factional rivalries, particularly between current chairman Said Aqil and prior chairman Hasyim Muzadi. This conflict resulted in the formation of a new movement called the 'True Path NU' (NU Garis Lurus) in 2015 by young NU clerics.…”

Ayah Tiri: Dinamika Nahdlatul Ulama di Ranah Minang

“…) Sejauh ini studi terhadap tema polemik di seputar wacana Islam Nusantara telah banyak dilakukan diantaranya studi Muhammad Noor Harisudin (Harisudin, 2017), Ahmad Khoirul Fata dan Moh. Nor Ichwan (Fata & Ichwan, 2017), Dini Safitri (Safitri, 2018), Zanniro Sururi Hsb (Sururi Hsb, 2019…”

Modernising tradition: Reinforcing ASWAJA al-Nahdhiyah authority among millennials in Indonesia

“…Secondly, there are studies that view the strengthening tradition of ASWAJA al-Nahdhiyah as the axis of the moderate da'wah movement, as reflected in the research of Akmaliah (2022), Sunda and Fitri (2022), Ismail (2020), Saenong (2021) and Pribadi (2022). Thirdly, there are studies that explore the reinforcement tradition of ASWAJA al-Nahdhiyah in response to other da'wah movements and dynamics, as observed in the research of Saini (2022), Moqsith (2016), Arifianto (2021), Fata and Ichwan (2017) and Khazanah (2022).…”