Pertussis: what percentage of children can we immunise?

Jelley, Diana; Nicoll, A

doi:10.1136/bmj.288.6430.1582

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One group found that 7% of children had DHSS contraindications to pertussis and that if parental refusal was taken into consideration an 80% uptake of pertussis immunisation could be achieved. 6 Another study looked at factors which could influence measles uptake and concluded that a 90% uptake was achievable.3 Neither study obtained their information by direct interview with the parents in the manner encountered in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of contraindications to immunisation.

Hewitt¹

1989

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of contraindications to immunisation.

Hewitt¹

1989

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Major reductions are seen when the prevalence of contraindications exceeds 1 percent, and the effect approaches its maximum when their prevalence reaches 5 percent (figures 1 and 2). It may not be unreasonable to suppose that 5 percent of infants in many populations will have at least one of the confounding risk factors cited in table 1 (36,37).…”

Section: %mentioning

confidence: 99%

Confounding in Studies of Adverse Reactions to Vaccines

Fine

Chen

1992

American Journal of Epidemiology

153

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Several social and medical attributes are associated with both avoidance or delay of vaccination and an increased risk of adverse events such as sudden infant death syndrome or childhood encephalopathy. Studies that fail to control adequately for such confounding factors are likely to underestimate the risks of adverse events attributable to vaccination. This paper reviews the literature on studies of severe adverse events after the administration of pertussis antigen-containing vaccines, with particular attention to the measures taken by different investigators to avoid this problem. Most published studies have reported a deficit of sudden infant death syndrome among vaccinees, which may reflect confounding in their study designs. An expression is derived to explore the extent of underestimation that may be introduced in such studies, under different sets of conditions. Confounding of this sort is a general problem for studies of adverse reactions to prophylactic interventions, as they may be withheld from some individuals precisely because they are already at high risk of the adverse event.

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