Pervaporation: importance of concentration polarization in the extraction of trace organics from water

Psaume, R.; Aptel, Philippe; Aurelle, Y.; Mora, J.C.; Bersillon, Jean-Luc

doi:10.1016/0376-7388(88)80030-9

Cited by 133 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Psaume et al [2] were probably one of the first to recognize and quantitatively describe the problem of concentration polarization in the pervaporation of trace organics from aqueous solutions. They developed a physical model based on the film theory neglecting any mass transfer resistance of the membrane itself.…”

Section: Overall Mass Transfer Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of trace organics from aqueous solutions. Effect of membrane thickness

Nijhuis

Mulder

Smolders

1991

Journal of Membrane Science

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A resistance-in-series model is used to describe the pervaporation performance of elastomeric membranes in the removal of volatile organic components from water. Equations have been derived to describe the organic component flux as a function of feed concentration, permeability of the organic component in the membrane, membrane thickness and liquid boundary layer mass transfer coefficient. The model has been verified using both homogeneous and composite membranes of polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene propylene rubber and polyoctenamer.Membranes with a wide range of thicknesses have been prepared and the pervaporation behaviour for the removal of toluene and trichloroethylene from aqueous solutions has been studied. The experiments show that the hydrodynamic boundary layer resistance is of great importance. For highly permeable polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane mass transfer in the boundary layer is rate determining and should be considered carefully in further development of the process. For less permeable polymers such as ethylene propylene rubber this effect becomes more dominant with decreasing membrane thickness. The water fluxes are inversely proportional to the thickness of the actual separating layer and they depend strongly on the type of elastomer used. A proper choice of the elastomeric material and the thickness of the separating layer will determine the selectivity of the process.

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Section: Overall Mass Transfer Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of trace organics from aqueous solutions. Effect of membrane thickness

Nijhuis

Mulder

Smolders

1991

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…As a result, the separation factor as well as the permeation rate decrease. The concentration polarization effect can be reduced by increasing the feed liquid flow rate that results in enhanced turbulent mixing [32,33].…”

Section: Membrane Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervaporation of methanol from methylacetate mixture using polyamide-6 membrane

Abdallah¹,

El–Gendi²,

El-Zanati³

et al. 2013

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A B S T R A C TThis article presents the results concerning the preparation of asymmetric polyamide-6 (PA-6) membrane using the wet phase inversion technique. The membrane was prepared from a casting dope containing 20 wt.% of PA-6 in formic acid at 18˚C. The membrane was then characterized by scanning electron microscopy and further tested for the separation of methanol/methyl acetate solutions by pervaporation. The effects of feed methanol concentration, operating temperature and the feed liquid flow rate on the membrane performance were investigated. The permeation flux increased with increasing feed methanol concentration, feed temperature, and feed flow rate. Some typical data of separation factor were: at the operating temperature of 40˚C, feed 80% methanol/20% methyl acetate and the feed liquid flow rate of 16.5, 20.6 mL/s, the separation factor was 50 and 83 respectively.

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“…Pure component physical property data are listed in Table 1. The Margules constant A is determined by solving the nonlinear optimization problem (19). The necessary vapor-liquid equilibrium data is shown in Table 2 along with the Antoine equations used to compute the pure component vapor pressures [6].…”

Section: Styrene/ethylbenzene Pervaporation Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally accepted that the mass transfer resistance on the permeate side is negligible because the permeate stream is in the vapor phase. By contrast, the feed-side liquid boundary layer resistance can dominate the membrane resistance for low Reynolds number flows [19]. Using a simple resistance-in-series model [13], the overall mass transfer coefficients are calculated as 1…”

Section: Overall Mass Transfer Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of spiral wound pervaporation modules with application to the separation of styrene/ethylbenzene mixtures

Cao

Henson

2002

Journal of Membrane Science

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A mathematical model is derived to simulate the performance of spiral wound membrane modules for the pervaporative separation of binary liquid mixtures. Permeation through the polymer membrane is described by a detailed solution-diffusion model. Flory-Huggins theory is used to predict solubility of the penetrants, while the composition and temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients are described by phenomenological relations. Unknown parameters of the solution-diffusion model are determined from sorption and flux data using nonlinear least-squares estimation. Standard correlations are used to estimate the mass transfer resistance due to the liquid boundary layer on the feed side of the module. The solution-diffusion model is coupled to differential mass, momentum and energy balances on the feed and permeate sides of the module to predict separation performance. The resulting model is two-dimensional as the feed-side and permeate-side stream properties vary in both the feed and permeate flow directions. Required input data to the model includes the feed flow rate, composition and temperature, the outlet permeate pressure, the membrane properties and the module dimensions. A numerical solution technique based on the use of the shooting method in the permeate flow direction and numerical integration in the feed flow direction is proposed. The model yields predictions of the feed-side and permeate-side stream properties as a function of both spatial coordinates. The separation of styrene and ethylbenzene with a polyurethane membrane is used to illustrate the modeling approach. A single module and a 10-module system with interstage heating are simulated to demonstrate potential uses of the pervaporation model.

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Pervaporation: importance of concentration polarization in the extraction of trace organics from water

Cited by 133 publications

References 7 publications

Removal of trace organics from aqueous solutions. Effect of membrane thickness

Removal of trace organics from aqueous solutions. Effect of membrane thickness

Pervaporation of methanol from methylacetate mixture using polyamide-6 membrane

Modeling of spiral wound pervaporation modules with application to the separation of styrene/ethylbenzene mixtures

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