Perylene diimide based non-fullerene acceptors: top performers and an emerging class featuring N-annulation

Abstract

The perylene diimide (PDI) chromophore is a classic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has been widely used in the field of organic electronics. A combination of strong visible light absorption and...

Perylene Monoimide as a Versatile Fluoroprobe: The Past, Present, and Future

“…region and the reduction potential of unsubstituted PDI is nearby -1.0 V vs ferrocenium/ ferrocene redox couple and hence they are often designated as 'nonfullerene acceptor" in organic solar cell (OSC). 18 The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of such materials, a prerequisite parameter to find a befitting organic electronic application can be satisfactorily tuned by incorporating donor/ acceptor moieties on perylene core, as reported in multitudinous literature. It is pleasing to note that PDI is very effectual in generating an ambient-stable radical anion in solution because of its outstanding electron-deficient nature.…”

Impact of substituents on the performance of small-molecule semiconductors in organic photovoltaic devices via regulating morphology

“…34,35 Although they somewhat lost the popularity in the OPV community after the emergence of fullerenebased n-type materials, recent development of non-fullerene acceptors is built upon the consistent research efforts on the design and evaluation of new derivatives of PDI and other members in the rylene diimide family. [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] This section overviews substituent impact on PDI-based SMSCs. The chemical structures of the relevant compounds and the corresponding photovoltaic data are summarized in Fig.…”

Designs and understanding of small molecule-based non-fullerene acceptors for realizing commercially viable organic photovoltaics

“…The PDI unit has a large planar structure with tetracarboxylic diimide groups, which means PDI-based molecules have strong intermolecular interaction and high electron affinity (LUMO ≈ −3.8 eV). 32,54 Hence, PDI-based molecules are currently employed as electron-accepting [54][55][56][57] and/or transporting materials [57][58][59][60] in organic electronic devices. However, the selfaggregation induced by the strong intermolecular interactions among the PDI units lowers the solubility in common solvents and forms particularly large domains in BHJ blends, thus limiting the exciton dissociation and diffusion.…”