Perylene diimide: Synthesis, fabrication and temperature dependent electrical characterization of heterojunction with p-silicon

Tahir, Muhammad; Sayyad, Muhammad Hassan; Wahab, Fazal; Aziz, Fakhra; Shahid, Muhammad; Munawar, Munawar Ali

doi:10.1016/j.physb.2013.05.009

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Organic semiconductors have received significant attention from researchers and scientists due to their potential applications in various electronic and optoelectronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) [1][2][3], organic light emitting field effect transistors (OLEFETs) [4,5], organic photovoltaics (OPV) [6,7], and organic field effect transistors (OFETs) [8,9]. A few of the interesting characteristics of organic semiconductors are their low cost, low temperature processability, light weight, mechanical flexibility, and solubility in various organic solvents [10][11][12]. Most of the organic semiconductors are either amorphous or polycrystalline, due to which they have usually lower charge carrier mobility as compared to inorganic semiconductors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Optical Gain in Organic Single Crystal Quinquethiophene

et al. 2019

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In this paper, we report optical characteristics of an organic single crystal oligomer 5,5 -diphenyl-2,2 :5 ,2"":5",2 :5 ,2 -quinquethiophene (P5T). P5T crystal is a thiophene/phenylene co-oligomer that possesses better charge mobility as well as photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) as compared to other organic materials. Stimulated emission in P5T is investigated via amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) measurements within broad pump energies ranging from 35.26 to 163.34 µJ/cm 2 . An Nd-YAG femtosecond-tunable pulsed laser is used as a pump energy source for the ASE measurements of P5T crystals at an excitation wavelength of 445 nm. The ASE spectra exhibit optical amplification in P5T crystals at a 625 nm peak wavelength with a lower threshold energy density (E th ) ≈ 52.64 µJ/cm 2 . P5T also demonstrates higher optical gain with a value of 72 cm −1 , that is calculated by using the variable stripe-length method. The value of PLQE is measured to be 68.24% for P5T. This study proposes potential applications of P5T single crystals in organic solid state lasers, photodetectors, and optical amplifiers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Optical Gain in Organic Single Crystal Quinquethiophene

et al. 2019

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“…This uneven surface features give rise to surface roughness which is measured as the average surface roughness (R a ) and is found to be 41 ± 5 nm. This porosity and surface roughness of the PAD films is greatly beneficial, especially for the humidity sensitivity, as they play a key role in adsorption and desorption of water molecules [14,18]. More adsorption and desorption of water droplets at the surface of PAD film result in significant change in dielectric constant and, hence, in the capacitance as well as capacitive reactance of the Ag/PAD/Ag sensor [19,20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrol-Anthracene: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application as Active Material in Humidity, Temperature and Light Sensors

et al. 2022

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This work reports on the synthesis of small molecular semiconductor 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-anthracene-9,10-dione (PAD) via wet chemical precipitation route method for its possible potential applications in sensors. Thin film characterization of the synthesized PAD is carried out by studying its surface morphology, bond dynamics, and optical properties. For studying sensing characteristics of the PAD, its 100 nm thick film is thermally deposited on pre-patterned silver (Ag) electrodes over glass substrate having ~45 µm inter-electrode gaps to prepare Ag/PAD/Ag sensor. The effects of humidity (%RH), temperature (T), and illumination of light (Ev) on the fabricated Ag/PAD/Ag sensor are studied by changing one of the three (%RH, T, and Ev) parameters at a time and measuring the corresponding variations in capacitance (C) and capacitive reactance (X) of the device. As C and X also depend on frequency, sensing properties of the Ag/PAD/Ag sensor are measured at two different frequencies (120 Hz and 1 kHz) to find the optimum sensitivity conditions. To investigate reproducibility and repeatability of Ag/PAD/Ag sensor, each measurement is taken several times and also hysteresis loops of %RH vs. C are plotted at 120 Hz and 1 kHz to find the percent errors in each cycle of measurements. The sensor is active to sense humidity, temperature, and illumination within a broad range, i.e., from 15–93%RH, 293–382 K, and 1500–20,000 lx, respectively. Other key parameters of the sensor i.e., the humidity response time (TRes) and recovery time (TRec), are measured, which are 5 and 7 s, respectively, whereas for light sensing the values of TRes and TRec are measured to be 3.8 and 2.6 s, respectively. The measured values of TRes and TRec for the fabricated Ag/PAD/Ag sensor are shorter and better as compared to those of previously reported for similar kind of small molecular based sensors. The sensing properties of Ag/PAD/Ag device exhibit the potential of PAD for humidity, temperature, and light sensing applications.

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“…Specially, perylenediimides (PDIs) have shown their potential to be used in organic electronics . These molecules exhibit promising properties like strong light absorption, i.e., in the range of 400–450 nm (B band) and 500–700 nm (Q band) due to their extended conjugated π systems, self-assembling properties, low-lying frontier molecular orbitals, excellent electron mobility, high electron affinity, and photochemical and thermal stabilities. , These molecules have been used for various applications like organic light emitting diodes, organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells, − optical limiting and photochromic materials, etc. On the other hand, PDIs also possess some drawbacks like strong tendency of π–π stacking due to the planar structure resulting in limited solubility, poor fluorescence, and trapping of excitons in organic solar cells. , Charge carrier mobility is highly influenced by the morphology of materials and intermolecular interaction of molecules in films .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis and Evaluation of Electron Transport and Photophysical Properties of Photoluminescent PDI Derivatives

Naqvi

Kumar

2019

ACS Omega

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Perylenediimides (PDIs) have emerged as potential materials for optoelectronic applications. In the current work, four PDI derivatives, substituted at imide nitrogen with 2,6-diisopropyl phenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, diphenylmethylene, and pentafluorophenyl groups, have been synthesized from perylene 3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride using a facile imidization synthesis process. PDI derivatives have been spectroscopically characterized for their structure and optical properties. Temperature-variable absorption and emission spectroscopy study confirmed the H-aggregation property. H-aggregation along with strong emission suggests the slipped π–π stacking of PDI molecules. Electrochemical analysis was performed for their redox behavior and calculation of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels. Scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of ordered structures. The PDI derivatives showed excellent electron conductivity without doping and 5–10× higher electron mobility than that of state-of-the-art fullerene acceptor phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM). Finally, the charge generation and charge transfer phenomenon was studied by transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS). TAS showed ultrafast charge transfer from the poly(3-hexyl)thiophene (P3HT) donor polymer to PDI and formation of long-lived charge-separated states similar to fullerene derivative PC61BM/P3HT blends. Such PDI derivatives with excellent solubility and photophysical and electronic properties are potential n-type materials to be used in organic electronic devices.

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Perylene diimide: Synthesis, fabrication and temperature dependent electrical characterization of heterojunction with p-silicon

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Optical Gain in Organic Single Crystal Quinquethiophene

Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Optical Gain in Organic Single Crystal Quinquethiophene

Pyrrol-Anthracene: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application as Active Material in Humidity, Temperature and Light Sensors

Facile Synthesis and Evaluation of Electron Transport and Photophysical Properties of Photoluminescent PDI Derivatives

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