Perylenediimides as non-fullerene acceptors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells (BHJSCs)

Fernández‐Lázaro, Fernando; Zink‐Lorre, Nathalie; Sastre‐Santos, Ángela

doi:10.1039/c6ta02045c

Cited by 178 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To date, numerous small molecule non-fullerene acceptors have been designed and found to provide PCEs that are comparable to those achieved using fullerene derivatives 4,6–8 . One class of non-fullerene electron accepting materials is low-cost PDI derivatives 7,9–13 . The BHJ photoactive layer made with PDIs offers a high absorption coefficient in the visible region, good photochemical stability, and good thin film forming properties 7,9,14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the efficiency-limiting morphological issues of the perylene diimide-based non-fullerene organic solar cells

Singh

Suranagi

Lee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Herein we report a comparative morphological analysis of the perylene diimide (PDI)- and fullerene-based organic solar cells (OSCs) to identify the factors responsible for low performance of PDI-based devices. A PDI derivative, bis-PDI, and a fullerene derivative, PC70BM, are mixed with an efficient polymer donor, PffBT4T-2OD. The large disparity in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of OSCs composed of PffBT4T-2OD:bis-PDI (PCE = 5.18%) and PffBT4T-2OD:PC70BM (PCE = 10.19%) observed are attributed to differences in the nanostructural motif of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphologies of these blend systems. The X-ray scattering and surface energy characterizations revealed that the structurally dissimilar bis-PDI and PC70BM molecules determine the variation in blend film morphologies, and in particular, the molecular packing features of the donor PffBT4T-2OD polymer. In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images explore the BHJ morphologies and presence of longer polymer fibrils in PffBT4T-2OD:bis-PDI system, justifying the unbalanced charge transport and high hole mobility. The low performance of PffBT4T-2OD:bis-PDI devices was further investigated by studying charge carrier recombination dynamics by using light-intensity-dependent and transient photovoltage (TPV) experiments. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent experiments showed the photovoltaic properties, including charge recombination losses, are strongly affected by energetic disorder present in bis-PDI-based system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the efficiency-limiting morphological issues of the perylene diimide-based non-fullerene organic solar cells

Singh

Suranagi

Lee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…The other photoprecursor N602DK was obtained in three steps from 7; dehydration condensation with tosylhydrazide to form hydrazone 9, addition of 9 to C 60 under basic conditions to generate adduct 10, and the deprotection of α-diketone moiety. Note that the reaction between 9 and C 60 afforded a mixture of [6,6]-close and [5,6]-open adducts, which was converted to pure [6,6]-close adduct by a thermal rearrangement at 150…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a large part of the OPV research reported so far, from the study of elementary processes and limiting factors to the optimization of material design and thin-film morphology, has been based on the use of PC 61 BM or PC 71 BM as n-type material. 3 As such, although several high-performance nonfullerene n-type materials have been reported recently, [4][5][6][7][8] fullerenes are still attractive scaffolds in constructing new n-type molecules for OPVs, [9][10][11] if one considers their favorable characteristics and the rich accumulated knowledge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fullerene-Based n-Type Materials That Can Be Processed by a Photoprecursor Approach for Photovoltaic Applications

Kawajiri

Kawanoue

Yamato

et al. 2017

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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The active layer of organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) is typically a blend of p-and n-type semiconductors, and the arrangement of these materials largely affects the device performance. We have recently proposed a unique deposition technique in which α-diketone-type photoprecursors are solution-deposited and then subjected to in-situ photoreaction to form acene-based semiconductors, as an effective means for controlling the morphology and vertical composition profile in organic molecular blends. However, the applicability of this "photoprecursor approach" has been limited to p-type materials so far, restricting the flexibility in designing photovoltaic layers. Herein, we report α-diketone-type photoprecursors of two fullerene-anthracene conjugates which have been designed to serve as n-type material in OPVs. The new α-diketones, named N601DK and N602DK, are successfully applied to the photoprecursor approach, affording smooth thin films of the corresponding photoreaction products N601 and N602. The n-type materials thus produced are evaluated in bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs and found to show good photovoltaic response. Especially, N601 performs as well as PC 61 BM, a fullerene-based benchmark n-type material. These results will serve as a basis for further improvement of OPVs through optimization of the molecular arrangement in solution-processed photovoltaic layers. have been considered as the standard n-type materials in solutionprocessed organic photovoltaic layers. The strength of these compounds lies in the well-balanced electronic and electric properties of fullerene cages and the high processability derived from the flexible addend. Indeed, a large part of the OPV research reported so far, from the study of elementary processes and limiting factors to the optimization of material design and thin-film morphology, has been based on the use of PC 61 BM or PC 71 BM as n-type material. 3As such, although several high-performance nonfullerene n-type materials have been reported recently, 4-8 fullerenes are still attractive scaffolds in constructing new n-type molecules for OPVs, 9-11 if one considers their favorable characteristics and the rich accumulated knowledge.Meanwhile, we are applying a "photoprecursor approach" to the preparation of organic photovoltaic layers, in which semiconducting thin films are prepared by solution deposition of precursors followed by in-situ photoreaction to generate corresponding target compounds. Specifically, our process employs α-diketone-type photoprecursors that can be quantitatively converted to acene compounds with extrusion of carbon monoxide upon visible-light irradiation ( Figure 1a). 12 We have shown that this method is effective in preparing wellperforming photovoltaic layers comprising highly crystalline, scarcely soluble p-type molecular semiconductors which are otherwise hard to process by solution-based techniques. [13][14][15] The photoprecursor approach is also useful for the preparation of multilayer thin films by solution processes, provided that the solub...

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“…These compounds have been extensively employed as the photo-functional materials for the construction of efficient and tunable electron donoracceptor systems 13,14,15,16,17 and light-harvesting arrays. 18,19,20,21 These dyes have also been used in other photo-physical processes of current interest, such as photocatalysis, 22,23 singlet exciton fission, 24,25 triplet-triplet annihilation, 26 organic photovoltaics, 27,28,29 lasing, 30 fluorescence probing, 31,32,33 and bio-labelling. 34 As compared to other organic dyes, perylene dyes provide a wealth of opportunities for the tuning of their properties via structural modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel derivatives of 1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid: synthesis, electrochemical and optical properties

et al. 2016

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Perylenediimides as non-fullerene acceptors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells (BHJSCs)

Abstract: Perylenediimides are ideal candidates for the substitution of fullerene derivatives as electron acceptors in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells due to their extremely intense light absorbance, high electron mobility and excellent photochemical stability.

Cited by 178 publications

References 43 publications

Unraveling the efficiency-limiting morphological issues of the perylene diimide-based non-fullerene organic solar cells

Unraveling the efficiency-limiting morphological issues of the perylene diimide-based non-fullerene organic solar cells

Fullerene-Based n-Type Materials That Can Be Processed by a Photoprecursor Approach for Photovoltaic Applications

Novel derivatives of 1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid: synthesis, electrochemical and optical properties

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