Pes cavus and claw toes deformity in patients with spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Abstract. Patients with spinal cord injur y or multiple sclerosis were surve y ed for the presence of extreme foot deformities and spasticit y . Pes cavus and claw toes were found in eight of 80 spastic spinal cord injury and two of 20 multiple sclerosis patients. Pes cavus and claw toes were not found in 2 9 flaccid spinal cord injury patients.Pes cavus and claw toes were associated with flexor reflexes which could be elicited b y pin prick proximal to the knee, suggesting extreme spasticit y -and b y low excitatory thresholds for the anterior tibialis as indicated electro m y ographicall y .Complications of severe spasticit y associated with spinal cord injur y and multiple sclerosis include pes cavus and claw toes, mediated in part b y spasms of the anterior tibialis.

Modified Girdlestones–Taylor procedure for claw toes in spinal cord injury

“…In an earlier study of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), 10% were found to have claw toes. 2 We found information in the literature regarding the use of Girdlestone-Taylor procedure for the correction of Claw Toes in other conditions like poliomyelitis, myelodysplasia and crush injury of the foot. 3,4 However, we did not come across any paper that dealt with surgical correction of Claw Toes in Spinal Cord Injury.…”

Research on lower extremity health in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic scoping review

“…The research on lower extremity muscle strength concentrated on analysing the muscle performance and capacity of the lower extremities during exercise or resistance training. There were single studies focusing on foot sensation, [ 50 ] foot vibration perception, [ 50 , 60 ] neuropathic foot pain, [ 60 ] foot deformities, [ 75 ] lower limb oedema [ 80 ] and foot sudomotor function [ 60 ].…”

“…This kind of information could be used as the basis for future interventions and technological innovations. [46,47,51,56,62,82] Impaired balance [48,50,51,67] Walking dysfunction [44,54,59,66,67,73,78,79,82,84] Decreased pressure sensation [50] Decreased vibration sensation [50,60] Sudomotor dysfunction [60] Oedema [80] Pes cavus [75] Claw toes [75] Spasticity [68,81] One important aspect of lower extremity health is foot self-care, but there is limited evidence of how patients with MS manage this. Therefore, it is important to identify potential gaps in foot care knowledge and habits among patients with MS, which could be done by using, for example, information technology for communication.…”

The incidence of claw toes in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in a podiatry department

“…15 Similarly anyone with a neurological disease other than diabetic neuropathy was also excluded since, as previously mentioned, disorders such as multiple sclerosis can result in muscular imbalance and weakness leading to claw toe development. 16 …”