Pesca artesanal no municí­­pio de Humaitá, Médio Rio Madeira, Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMOA pesca artesanal possui grande expressão socioeconômica na região Amazônica. Contudo há lacunas no conhecimento sobre a atividade em pequenos centros urbanos, especialmente em áreas de influência de empreendimentos. O estudo objetivou: avaliar e identificar características da pesca e comparar o esforço, custos e rendimentos da frota pesqueira do município de Humaitá, Amazonas. Analisou-se desembarques registrados pela Colônia de Pescadores e pela Universidade Federal de Rondônia, entre 2001 e 2013. A atividade é multiespecífica e praticada em pequenas embarcações, canoas (média 7,53 metros) e barcos de pesca (média 11,5 metros). A produção variou entre 178 t e 298 t, CPUE média mensal entre 10 e 43 kg pescador dia -1 e a renda mensal entre R$ 397,50 e R$ 2.375, para canoas motorizadas e barcos de pesca, respectivamente. Diferenças entre tipos de embarcações e características na atividade com outras regiões da bacia do rio Madeira reforçam a necessidade de monitoramento e estratégias de gestão diferenciadas.Palavras chave: atividade pesqueira; esforço de pesca; frota pesqueira; custos SMALL-SCALE FISHING AT HUMAITÀ MUNICIPALITY, MIDDLE MADEIRA RIVER, AMAZONAS, BRAZIL ABSTRACTThe artisanal fishing has socioeconomic expression in the Amazon region. There are gaps in knowledge about this activity in small urban centers, especially in areas with influence of projects. The study aimed to assess and identify the characteristics of this activity and compare the effort, costs and revenues of the fishing fleet in the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas. We analyzed landings recorded by Colony of Fisheries and the Federal University of Rondônia, between 2001 and 2013. The fishing is multi-species and is practiced in small boats, canoes (mean 7.53 m) and fishing boats (mean 11.5m). The production varied between 178t and 298 t, monthly CPUE was 10 and 43 kg fisherman day -1 , and the income was R$ 397.50 and R$ 2.375 for motorized canoes and fishing boats, respectively. Differences between types of fleet and the characteristics in the activity compared to other regions of Madeira River Basin reinforce the need for monitoring and differentiated management strategies.

Low-Cost Technology for Fish Monitoring Applied to the Fishing of Two Species of Pacu in Amazonas, Brazil

“…The information acquired corroborates other studies developed in the region by Sales et al (2011) and Lima et al (2016). The existence of two types of boats (small and big) ( Figure 2), directly influence the transport capacity, which explains the maximum value of production (Table 1).…”

“…The existence of two types of boats (small and big) ( Figure 2), directly influence the transport capacity, which explains the maximum value of production (Table 1). The non-selective fishing explains the minimum production value (Table 1) since the captured pacu in these cases are the product of random captures ("salada") (Lima et al, 2016). In other words, the local fishermen don't go out to capture a specific specie, they capture whatever get caught in the mesh.…”

“…Considering the nature and territorial extension of the Middle Madeira Basin (Gibbs, 1967;Goulding et al, 2003;McClain and Naiman, 2008;Queiroz et al, 2013), and other similar regional studies (Sales et al, 2011;Lima et al, 2016), the authors opted for sampling in ports due to: convenience in data collection; logistics, since all catches should pass through the port (Fisherman's Colony); and the already ongoing partnership between the LIOP (Madeira River Valley Laboratory of Ichthyology and Fishery Ordering) and The Colony.…”

“…The Colony in question (Z-31), accounts for nearly one thousand and five hundred associated fishermen and is located at the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas. We -unlike Sales et al (2011) and Lima et al (2016), who obtained the data from the local market -obtained our data from daily monitoring the arriving boats in the rush hours (6 am to 9 am) with the aid of teams. For that purpose, we developed an adequate method for the local conditions, which is described below.…”

“…Despite recent studies performed in the region (Sales et al, 2011;Lima et al, 2016), little is known about the "pacu" and its capture dynamics. This study is then an opportunity to expand our knowledge on the "pacu", its bioecology and investigate the production from the artisanal fishing from the Middle Madeira in the adjacency of Humaitá municipality between May 2018 and April 2019 using low-cost social technology to achieve the data.…”