Pest categorisation of Spodoptera litura

Bragard, Claude; Dehnen‐Schmutz, Katharina; Serio, Francesco Di; Gonthier, Paolo; Jacques, Marie‐Agnès; Miret, Josep Anton Jaques; Justesen, Annemarie Fejer; Magnusson, Christer Sven; Milonas, Panagiotis; Navas‐Cortés, Juan A; Parnell, Stephen; Potting, Roel; Reignault, Philippe Lucien; Thulke, Hans‐Hermann; Werf, Wopke Van der; Civera, Antonio Vicent; Yuen, Jonathan; Zappalà, Lucia; Malumphy, Chris; Czwienczek, Ewelina; MacLeod, Alan

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5765

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To date, over 1600 species of insects have been identified as Lepidoptera, many of which are agricultural and forest pests [ 10 ]. Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera are two typical lepidopteran pests and do great harm to plenty of economic crops, such as tomatoes, cotton, and maize [ 11 , 12 ]. It was reported that Nosema spodopterae isolated from S. litura and H. armigera showed a high virulence [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Report on the Transovarial Transmission of Microsporidian Nosema bombycis in Lepidopteran Crop Pests Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera

Pei

Wang

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microsporidia are ubiquitous fungi-related parasites infecting nearly all vertebrates and invertebrates. Microsporidian Nosema bombycis is a natural pathogen of multiple insects, including the silkworm and many agricultural and forest pests. N. bombycis can transovarially transmit in silkworm and cause huge economic losses to the sericulture. However, it remains unclear whether N. bombycis vertically transmits in the crop pests Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera. Here, we investigated the infection of N. bombycis in S. litura and H. armigera to illuminate its infectivity and transovarial transmission. In result, tissue examination with light microscopy revealed that the fat body, midgut, malpighian tubules, hemolymph, testis, and ovary were all infected in both pest pupae. Immunohistochemical analysis (IHA) of the ovariole showed that a large number of parasites in maturation and proliferation presented in follicle cell, nurse cell, and oocyte, suggesting that N. bombycis can infect and multiply in these cells and probably transovarially transmit to the next generations in both pests. Microscopic examination on the egg infection rate demonstrated that 50% and 38% of the S. litura and H. armigera eggs were congenitally infected, respectively. IHA of both eggs manifested numerous spores and proliferative pathogens in the oocyte, confirming that N. bombycis can invade into the female germ cell from the parent body. After hatching of the infected eggs, we detected the infection in offspring larvae and found large quantities of proliferative pathogens, confirming that N. bombycis can transovarially transmit in S. litura and H. armigera, and probably persists in both pest populations via congenital infection. In summary, our work, for the first time, proved that N. bombycis is able to vertically transmit in S. litura and H. armigera via infecting the oocyte in the parent, suggesting that N. bombycis could be a biological insecticide for controlling the population of crop pests.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Report on the Transovarial Transmission of Microsporidian Nosema bombycis in Lepidopteran Crop Pests Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera

Pei

Wang

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) commonly known as tobacco cutworm or cotton (Cheng et al 2017) leafworm is a polyphagous pest, causes considerable damage to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and various other crops (Xue et al 2010;Bragard et al 2019). Failure to control S. litura and its resistance to various insecticides, lead to humongous economical loss (Ahmad and Gull 2017;Fand et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient expression of SbDhr2 and MeHNL in Gossypium hirsutum for herbivore deterrence assay with Spodoptera litura

Mahajan

Naser

Gupta³

2020

J Cotton Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), commonly known as tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm, is a polyphagous pest which causes considerable damage to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and other crops. Herbivore-induced defence response is activated in plants against chewing pests, in which plant secondary metabolites play an important role. Dhurrinase2 (SbDhr2), a cyanogenic β-glucosidase from Sorghum bicolor, is the key enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of dhurrin (cyanogenic β-glucosidic substrate) to phydroxymandelonitrile. Hydroxynitrile lyase (MeHNL) from Mannihot esculanta catalyses the dissociation of cyanohydrins to hydrogen cyanide and corresponding carbonyl compound, both enzymes play a pivotal role in plant defence mechanism. Results: SbDhr2 and MeHNL genes were expressed individually and co-expressed transiently in cotton leaves. We examined the feeding response of S. litura to leaves in the choice assay. The S. litura population used in this study showed better feeding deterrence to leaves co-expressing both genes compared with the expression of an individual gene. Conclusion: Our results suggest that co-expression of SbDhr2 and MeHNL genes in cotton leaves demonstrate feeding deterrence to S. litura. Engineering cyanogenic pathway in aerial parts of cotton would be an additional defence strategy against generalist pests and can be enhanced against specialist pests.

show abstract

“…Mitchell and Tumlinson () note that S. eridania cannot survive extended periods of freezing temperatures. The EFSA PLH Panel () provides a map of the mean number of annual frost days in Europe, 1988‐2017. It shows that southern coastal areas of Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece and Cyprus normally remain frost free year round.…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Spodoptera eridania

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2020

EFS2

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Spodoptera eridania (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for the European Union (EU). S. eridania (southern armyworm) is a highly polyphagous pest native to the Americas which has spread to Africa being first reported there in 2016. There are multiple generations per year. Although it can endure short freezing periods, prolonged frosts are lethal. Eggs are laid in batches on the leaves of host plants. Five to seven larval instars follow. Like other armyworms, early instars are gregarious and cause leaf skeletonisation. Older instars disperse and become more solitary and nocturnal. Larvae feed on field vegetables and can bore into tomato fruit. They can eat apical portions of branches and can bore into stems and tubers if preferred foods are scarce. Pupation takes place in the soil. S. eridania is regulated in the EU by Directive 2000/29/EC (Annex IAI). Within this Directive, a prohibition of soil imported from countries where S. eridania occurs, prevents the entry of S. eridania pupae. However, immature stages on plants (excluding seeds), fruit and flowers provide potential pathways for entry into the EU. S. eridania adults have been intercepted in the EU as hitchhikers. Climatic conditions and the wide availability of host plants provide conditions to support establishment in frost-free regions of the EU. It could spread more widely forming transient populations during summer months. Impacts on field vegetables and ornamentals would be possible. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of entry. S. eridania satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. S. eridania does not meet the criteria of (a) occurring in the EU, and (b) plants for planting being the principal means of spread for it to be regarded as a potential Union regulated non-quarantine pest.

show abstract

Pest categorisation of Spodoptera litura

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

The First Report on the Transovarial Transmission of Microsporidian Nosema bombycis in Lepidopteran Crop Pests Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera

The First Report on the Transovarial Transmission of Microsporidian Nosema bombycis in Lepidopteran Crop Pests Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera

Transient expression of SbDhr2 and MeHNL in Gossypium hirsutum for herbivore deterrence assay with Spodoptera litura

Pest categorisation of Spodoptera eridania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About