Pest insects in natural and sown pastures of Paraguay

Sarubbi, Humberto J.; Ramírez, María B.

doi:10.17138/tgft(8)158-161

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Ants of the genus Acromyrmex (34 species) are widely distributed in the Neotropical region and in all the Brazilian territory, foraging throughout the year. Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899), commonly known as the hillant, is a species of leaf-cutting ant with distribution restricted to South America, being found in pastures and on the edges of forest fragments (SARUBBI; RAMÍREZ, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)

Saldanha

Costa

Muniz

et al. 2023

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Leaf-cutting ants stand out among the main pests of agricultural and forestry crops. Chemical control is the most used method to control these insect pests, requiring the development of techniques that are less harmful to the environment. The present study aimed at verifying the action of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize), and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin isolates on the in vitro mortality of Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel). Seven isolates of entomopathogenic fungi were used: three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (IBCB 66, IBCB 170, and IBCB 632), one isolate of Cordyceps fumosorosea (IBCB 130), and three isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (IBCB 348, IBCB 383, and IBCB 425), and five concentrations of spores (1.0×104, 1.0×105, 1.0×106, 1.0×107, and 1.0×108 spores mL-1) for each fungal isolate. The control treatment consisted of autoclaved distilled water and 0.01% Tween 40, without fungal pathogens. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with five replications. Estimation of lethal concentrations of LC50 and LC90 was performed using Probit analysis. The isolates of B. bassiana, C. fumosorosea, and M. anisopliae were pathogenic to leaf-cutting ants with the five tested concentrations of spores. Higher mortality of the specimens was reached with increasing concentration. The entomopathogenic fungi evaluated in this study proved to be efficient agents for the biological control of Acromyrmex heyeri.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)

Saldanha

Costa

Muniz

et al. 2023

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“…Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) é uma espécie de formiga cortadeira com distribuição restrita a América do Sul. Encontrada em pastagens e em bordas de fragmentos florestais em cultivos de trigo, soja e milho, é citada na literatura como praga de gramíneas (Barrera et al, 2015;Sarubbi & Ramírez, 2020). O controle de insetos com organização eusocial, com colônias apresentando sobreposição de gerações, cuidado parental e divisão de castas, associado com hábito de corte, se torna difícil, uma vez que não basta eliminar a operária que está forrageando (Della Lucia et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Biocontrole de formiga cortadeira do gênero Acromyrmex por fungos entomopatogênicos

Santos

Castro

Portela

et al. 2020

RSD

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Formigas cultivadoras de fungos a partir de material vegetal fresco (Acromyrmex e Atta) apresentam grande importância econômica, por desfolharem severamente culturas agrícolas. O controle químico é o mais utilizado para o controle destas espécies, acarretando diversos problemas ambientais. Com isso existem uma preocupação e pressão da sociedade por alternativas de controle. Programas de controle biológico, utilizando fungos entomopatogênicos, estão sendo desenvolvidos no controle de insetos de forma promissora. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a patogenicidade dos fungos Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Metsch.) em operárias de Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899). Em bioensaio realizado em laboratório, verificou-se as concentrações foram efetivas no controle de formigas cortadeiras. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. O material foi coletado no Campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) em uma área de pastagem, os indivíduos foram separados em cinco grupos e pulverizados em uma solução de suspensão de 1,0 x 107, 1,0 x 108, 1,0 x 109 conídios mL-1 de cada isolado. O tratamento testemunha recebeu 5mL da solução de Tween® 80 a 0,1%. Cada grupo de formigas foi mantido em temperatura de 27 ± 2 °C. A mortalidade das formigas foi obtida ao terceiro dia de condução de experimento. Os dois fungos foram eficientes no controle das formigas, porém apenas o fungo de B. bassiana nas concentrações de 1,0 x 108 e 1,0 x 109 de esporos se sobressaiu aos demais tratamentos, provocando maiores mortalidades. Os fungos B. bassiana e M. anisopliae apresentam potencial para o controle de A. heyri.

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Identification of native entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mahanarva fimbriolata Stahl in silvopastoral systems (Urochloa brizantha cv. MG-5 and Eucalyptus spp.)

Sarubbi,

Resquín-Romero,

Garrido-Jurado

2023

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Background Pastures are susceptible to attacks from various species of insects, with Cercopidae being one of the main responsible pests. The species Mahanarva fimbriolata has a wide distribution in the Eastern region of Paraguay, leading to pasture damage. The most promising alternatives to chemical use are bioinsecticides, which could offer effective control while minimizing negative environmental impacts. Beauveria and Metarhizium have been documented as biocontrol fungi for Cercopidae insects. Therefore, identifying and isolating virulent native strains presents potential alternatives for controlling the spittlebug M. fimbriolata. Results Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, native strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were identified in the collected insects. Phylogenetic trees confirmed that the Beauveria sequence (Beauveria seq) obtained in this study aligned with the ARSEF 842 isolate of B. bassiana. The Metarhizium sequence (Metarhizium seq) was in the same clade as ARSEF 7450 and ARSEF 7487, which belong to the Metarhizium anisopliae. Beauveria bassiana displayed conidiophores that were broad at the basal part, forming synnemata or groups of conidiophores closely packed together, with a typical "zig-zag"-shaped rachis. The conidia were hyaline and smooth, ellipsoidal, and globose. On the other hand, M. anisopliae exhibited simple, straight conidiophores with bottle-shaped phialides. The conidia were elongated, ovoid to cylindrical, arranged in chains, and had an olive green color. Conclusions This is the first report of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana obtained from nymphs and adults of Mahanarva fimbriolata in Paraguay.

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Pest insects in natural and sown pastures of Paraguay

Cited by 3 publications

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PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)

PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)

Biocontrole de formiga cortadeira do gênero Acromyrmex por fungos entomopatogênicos

Identification of native entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mahanarva fimbriolata Stahl in silvopastoral systems (Urochloa brizantha cv. MG-5 and Eucalyptus spp.)

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