Pesticide contact dermatitis in agricultural workers of Himachal Pradesh (India)

Sharma, Aditi; Mahajan, Vikram K.; Mehta, Karaninder S; Chauhan, Pushpinder S; Sharma, Vikas; Sharma, Anuj; Wadhwa, Dhaarna; Chauhan, Shailja

doi:10.1111/cod.13049

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The difference is that aluminum phosphate is a muricide and it was necessary to control voles that were transmitting tularemia in our region. Aluminum phosphate could not be tested due to its high toxicity after inhalation, contact, or intake 22 . Contact tests with insecticides handled by patients that may cause delayed hypersensitivity 22 were negative, which was predictable, as skin lesions were not compatible with contact eczema, but with contact urticaria after bites, inhalation, or penetration of the epidermis by the pointy setae that B. pisorum possess is possible (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational airborne contact urticaria, anaphylaxis and asthma in farmers and agronomists due to Bruchus pisorum

et al. 2020

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Background: Occupational contact urticaria due to inhalation of legume pest allergens has rarely been described. Objective: To determine the cause of an outbreak of airborne contact urticaria, asthma, and anaphylaxis in farmers and agronomists studying the disinsectization of dried peas. Peas were treated with aluminum phosphide (EPA). Methods: Extracts prepared from Bruchus lentis and Bruchus pisorum bodies and from healthy legumes, EPA-treated legumes, and infested legumes, were used for in vivo tests (skin prick testing, oral, and specific bronchial challenge for the diagnosis of asthma and anaphylaxis) in affected patients and in five control patients with severe legume hypersensitivity. Open application, patch testing with the most common legume insecticides, molecular analysis, and IgE immunoblotting were undertaken. Results: We found positive responses (prick, provocation, immune detection) to parasitic pea extracts and B. pisorum. A 25 kDa band was detected in the western blot of all patients who worked with infested EPA-treated peas. Bands from B. pisorum extract were detected in all patients. No responses to pea allergens were found in any patient, unlike in legume allergy controls. Oral provocation tests were negative. Conclusion: B. pisorum is a cause of contact urticaria and may cause occupational hives, anaphylaxis, and asthma. The allergen may enter by inhalation or puncture of setae released by B. pisorum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational airborne contact urticaria, anaphylaxis and asthma in farmers and agronomists due to Bruchus pisorum

et al. 2020

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“…Agriculturalists have by and large neglected the scientific recommendations for using the pesticides stringently, which eventually has resulted in alarming rise of occupational health hazards amongst these farm workers. Though less studied, pernicious effects of these chemicals have been recorded on the skin and respiratory tract of exposed individuals, while farmers have shown positive patch test reactions towards many pesticides used on a daily basis 28 . Additionally, overuse of these pesticides has led to their persistent imbibition in the vegetables, some of which are found to contain 20 to 25 ppb CP and 2 to 10 ppb CM in India 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early embryonic exposure to chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin combination induces pattern deficits in the heart of domestic hen

Verma

Khaire

Desai

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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Exposure to chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin combination during early development resulted in defective looping and ventricular noncompaction of heart in domestic chicken. The study was extended to elucidate the molecular basis of this novel observation. The primary culture of chicken embryonic heart cells showed a concentration‐dependent loss of viability when challenged with this combination of technical‐grade insecticides. Comet assay, DNA ladder assay, and analyses of appropriate markers at transcript and protein levels, revealed that chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin combination induced cell death by activating apoptosis. Parallelly, the tissues derived from control and experimental group hearts were checked for apoptotic markers, and the result was much similar to that of the in‐vitro study. Further analysis showed that chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin combination deranged the expression pattern of the transcriptional regulators of cardiogenesis, namely TBX20, GATA5, HAND2, and MYOCD. This, together with heightened apoptosis, could well be the reason behind the observed structural anomalies in the heart of chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin poisoned embryos.

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“…Screening 164 tulip-growing workers for dermatitis, 48 showed contact dermatitis, mostly of the hands, and 21 were contact allergic, mainly to α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone and/or an acetone extract of the tulips handled [279]. Plants are often treated with pesticides, which pose some risk of sensitisation, as demonstrated in a small sample of 30 Indian agricultural workers with work-related contact dermatitis, of whom 10 had positive reactions to thiurams (n = 4), propiconazole (n = 3) and metaldehyde (n = 2) [280].…”

Section: Woods Plants and Plant-derived Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergy—Emerging Allergens and Public Health Impact

Uter

Werfel

Lepoittevin

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Contact allergy (sensitisation) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) resulting from it have a considerable public health impact. For the present review, all pertinent articles were systematically searched via Medline and Web of Science™; additionally, all available issues of the journals “Contact Dermatitis” and “Dermatitis” were manually searched, covering the years 2018–2019, thereby extending and re-focusing a previous similar review. New allergens, or previously described allergens found in a new exposure context or of other current importance, are described in sections according to substance classes, e.g., metals, preservatives, fragrances. As a common finding in many investigations, a lack of information on product composition has been noted, for instance, regarding a newly described allergen in canvas shoes (dimethylthiocarbamylbenzothiazole sulfide) and, most notably, absence of co-operation from manufacturers of glucose-monitoring devices and insulin pumps, respectively. These latter devices have been shown to cause severe ACD in a considerable number of diabetic patients caused by the liberation of isobornyl acrylate and N,N’-dimethylacrylamide, respectively, as demonstrated by an international collaboration between dermatologists and chemists. Improved and complete ingredient labelling for all types of products, and not just as we have with cosmetics at present (apart from full listing of fragrance substances) in Europe, must be put on the legislative agenda.

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Pesticide contact dermatitis in agricultural workers of Himachal Pradesh (India)

Abstract: The sensitizing potential of pesticides remains a concern. Apparently, pesticide contact dermatitis is more common than expected, but remains under-reported, as the implicated pesticides vary across regions and according to the crop patterns.

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Occupational airborne contact urticaria, anaphylaxis and asthma in farmers and agronomists due to Bruchus pisorum

Occupational airborne contact urticaria, anaphylaxis and asthma in farmers and agronomists due to Bruchus pisorum

Early embryonic exposure to chlorpyrifos‐cypermethrin combination induces pattern deficits in the heart of domestic hen

Contact Allergy—Emerging Allergens and Public Health Impact

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