Pesticide relevance and their microbial degradation: a-state-of-art

Abstract

The extensive use of pesticide causes imbalance in properties of soil, water and air environments due to having problem of natural degradation.

Comparative analysis of microbial communities during enrichment and isolation of DDT-degrading bacteria by culture-dependent and -independent methods

“…However, the isolated strains showed poorer degradation ability than that of the community of enrichment in the apparatus. Microbial consortia are often reported as more efficient and effective for biological degradation of pesticides than the individual strains, due to the range of metabolic and ecosystem level interactions in mixed communities (Verma et al, 2014). In microbial communities, microorganisms cooperate to co-metabolize contaminants that individual microorganism cannot.…”

Screening of bacterial strains for developing effective pesticide-tolerant plant growth-promoting microbial consortia from rhizosphere soils of vegetable fields of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

“…On the basis of this, more tolerant strain may be have some ability to degrade or resistance against this organophosphate, but some strains have shown growth inhibition zone at 2 or 4 or 6 ll/ml, and these types of strains may not have the ability to degrade the pesticides. These strains have no inhibition zone and grow well on a media plate that strains may be degraded the pesticide and used as a sole source of carbon for their growth and development (Verma et al 2014;Hamada et al 2015;Jadhav and David 2016).…”

“…The pesticides are used for controlling pest and insect in vegetables because these pests and insect cause loss of productivities of vegetables. The extensive usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides caused a number of deaths and illness in humans (Verma et al 2014). These pesticides adsorb in the soils to persist a long time in the environment due to more half-life.…”

“…Direct mechanism includes nitrogen fixation, nutrient solubilization as phosphate, siderophores for iron, production of plant hormones such as auxins, cytokinin and gibberellin and decreases the plant ethylene level (Glick 1995). PGPM (Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Serratia, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma) was reported to increase plant growth (Glick 1995;Verma et al 2010Verma et al , 2012Verma et al , 2013Verma et al , 2014. Criollo et al (2011) reported that three liquid biofertilizers (Saccharomyces sp., Lactobacillus sp.…”

Community of the Aerobic Bacteria-destructors of DDT as a Result of Natural and Artificial Selection

“…Во второй половине XX в. широко применялся по всему миру в сельском хозяйстве для защиты растений от паразитов, а также для уничтожения насекомых-переносчиков заболе-ваний человека и животных. Активное исполь-зование привело к повсеместному загрязнению почв, а также других элементов экосистем [1][2][3][4][5][6]. В 2001 г. согласно решению Стокгольмской конвенции ДДТ включен в перечень стойких органических загрязнителей -соединений, особо опасных для окружающей среды и здо-ровья человека, список «В» [7].…”